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GOVERNMENTAL REPORTING

City Council Budgetary Hearing. GOVERNMENTAL REPORTING. GOVERNMENTAL REPORTING MODEL. Overview. A government should establish those funds required by law and the specific operating and management needs of the government entity

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GOVERNMENTAL REPORTING

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  1. City Council Budgetary Hearing GOVERNMENTAL REPORTING

  2. GOVERNMENTAL REPORTING MODEL

  3. Overview A government should establish those funds required by law and the specific operating and management needs of the government entity A general rule is that all activities should be accounted for in the general fund unless specifically required by law or the different measurement focus used for proprietary and fiduciary funds

  4. Governmental Funds Worksheets Each of the five governmental funds will report two fund-based financial statements: The balance sheet The statement of revenues, expenditures, and changes in fund balance

  5. Special Revenue Funds Special revenue funds account for the proceeds of specific revenue sources that are restricted for specified purposes Includes resources and expenditures for operations, such as public libraries, when a separate tax is levied for their support Accounting for special revenue funds is the same as for the general fund

  6. Capital Projects Funds Capital projects funds account for financial resources that are specified for the acquisition or construction of major capital facilities or improvements that benefit the public A separate capital projects fund is created at the time the project is approved and ceases at its completion Uses the modified accrual basis of accounting

  7. Capital Projects Funds No fixed assets or depreciation are recorded No long-term debt is recorded Typically do not have annual operating budgets A capital budget is prepared as a basis for selling bonds to finance a project, and the capital budget is the control mechanism for the length of the project The capital budget for the project may, or may not, be formally recorded in the accounts The fund records capital outlays as expenditures

  8. Debt Service Funds Debt service funds account for the accumulation and use of resources for the payment of general long-term debt principal and interest General long-term debt obligations: Serial bonds Term bonds Special assessment bonds Notes and warrants Capital leases

  9. Debt Service Funds The accounting and financial reporting for debt service funds are the same as for the general fund The modified accrual basis of accounting is used Only that portion of the long-term debt that has matured and is currently payable is recorded Interest payable on long-term debt is not accrued; interest is recognized as a liability only when it comes due and payable Budget entries are not required, but often used

  10. Permanent Funds Permanent funds are established in those cases in which there is a donor restriction that the fund principal must be preserved but the income from these permanent funds is required to be used to benefit the government’s programs or its general citizenry The modified accrual basis of accounting is used in this fund and the financial statements for the permanent funds are the same as for all other governmental funds

  11. Governmental Funds Financial Statements The required financial statements are (1) the governmental funds balance sheet and (2) the governmental statement of revenues, expenditures, and changes in fund balance The statements will be prepared for each individual governmental fund and these individual fund statements are the foundation for the financial statements prepared for the governmental entity

  12. Governmental Funds Financial Statements The fund-based financial statements for the governmental entity’s annual report separately report only major governmental funds, not necessarily individually each of the five governmental funds GASB 34 specifies that the general fund is always a major fund Some of the other governmental funds may not be determined to be major funds, and these non-major funds are aggregated and reported in a single column as other governmental funds

  13. Governmental Funds Financial Statements Both of the following criteria should be met to be classified as major : 10 percent criterion: Total assets, liabilities, revenues, or expenditures/expenses of that individual governmental or enterprise fund are at least 10 percent of the corresponding total for all funds of that category or type 5 percent criterion: Total assets, liabilities, revenues, or expenditures/expenses of the individual governmental fund or enterprise fund are at least 5 percent of the corresponding total for all governmental plus enterprise funds combined

  14. Enterprise Funds Enterprise funds accounts for operations of governmental units that charge for services provided to the general public They have a measurement focus of all economic resources and use the accrual basis of accounting They report fixed assets, which are depreciated, and long-term debt, if issued, They focus on income determination and capital maintenance

  15. Enterprise Funds The financial statements for proprietary funds are very similar to those for commercial entities: The statement of net assets (balance sheet), The statement of revenues, expenses, and changes in fund net assets (income statement) The statement of cash flows Budgeting in the proprietary funds also has the same role as in commercial entities

  16. Enterprise Funds Financial statements for the proprietary funds If a governmental entity has more than one enterprise fund, each must be individually assessed by both the 10 percent criterion and the 5 percent criterion tests to determine whether it is a major fund

  17. Enterprise Funds Statement of net assets Proprietary funds report their own fixed assets, investments, and long-term liabilities GASB 34 specifies that the net assets section be separated into three components: Invested in capital assets, net of related debt Restricted because of restrictions beyond the government’s control Unrestricted

  18. Enterprise Funds Statement of revenues, expenses, and changes A separation of operating and nonoperating revenues and expenses is made to provide more information value regarding the operations of the proprietary funds

  19. Enterprise Funds Statement of cash flows Because of the large number of capital asset acquisition and financing transactions, the GASB specified four sections: Cash flows from operating activities Cash flows from noncapital financing activities Cash flows from capital and related financing activities Cash flows from investing activities

  20. Internal Service Funds Internal service funds account for the financing of goods or services provided by one department or agency to other departments or agencies on a cost-reimbursement basis These services are not available to the general public, making it different from the enterprise fund Accounting and financial reporting for internal service funds are the same as for enterprise funds or for commercial entities

  21. Internal Service Funds The accrual basis is used to measure revenue and expenses The balance sheet may include fixed assets, which are depreciated, and long-term debt, if issued The statement of revenue, expenses, and changes in fund net assets reports the income for the period The statement of cash flows is also required

  22. Trust Funds Trust funds are a fiduciary fund type that accounts for resources held by a government unit in a trustee capacity The governmental unit acts as a fiduciary for monies or properties held on behalf of individuals, employees, or other governmental agencies

  23. Trust Funds The accrual basis of accounting is used The financial statements required are the statement of fiduciary net assets, and the statement of changes in fiduciary net assets The statement of fiduciary net assets includes all trusts and agency funds The statement of changes in fiduciary net assets includes only the trust funds because agency funds do not have a net asset balance

  24. Trust Funds Private-purpose trust funds account for trust agreements for which the principal and/or income benefits specific individuals, private organizations, or other governments

  25. Agency Funds Agency funds are a fiduciary fund type that accounts for resources held by a governmental unit as a custodial agent for individuals, private organizations, other funds, or other governmental units Uses the accrual basis of accounting Because these funds are custodial in nature, assets always equal liabilities and there is no fund equity The financial statement for agency funds is the statement of fiduciary net assets

  26. The Government Reporting Model GASB 34 specifies the reporting model What organizations comprise the reporting entity? The primary government A component unit for which the primary government is financially accountable Any organization that has a significant relationship with the primary government

  27. The Government Reporting Model What constitutes financial accountability? Financial accountability is evidenced when the primary government appoints a majority of the organization’s governing board Financial accountability may also exist if the organization has a separately elected or appointed board but fiscally depends on the primary government for the financial resources required to operate

  28. GOVERNMENT-WIDEStatement of Net Assets • Format: Assets – Liab. = Net Assets • Columns for: • Governmental activities (excluding fiduciary) • Includes Internal Service Fund • Business-type activities • Total of the above • Component units (shown separately) • Distinguishable • Own taxing authority

  29. GOVERNMENT-WIDEStatement of Activities • Full accrual • Format: Based on functions or programs • Expenses include depreciation • General revenues (shown at bottom) • Not tied to specific program • Includes: • Contributions to permanent endowments • Special items • Extraordinary items

  30. BUDGETARY COMPARISONS • Original budget and final budget • Same format as original budget • Variance column is encouraged

  31. OTHER REQUIREDSUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION • MD&A • Infrastructure Assets • Roads, sewer systems, etc. • Modified approach (no depreciation) • Manages infrastructure assets through up-dated inventory, periodic assessment, estimates annual amount to preserve assets • Documents eligible infrastructure assets are being preserved • Other note disclosures

  32. CONVERSION OF STATEMENTSGovernment Funds to Government-wide • Convert expenses to full accrual • Change special items (proceeds on sale of land to gain on sale of land) • Adding internal service funds to governmental activities • Eliminating interfund activities • Eliminating fiduciary funds

  33. CONVERSION OF STATEMENTSGovernment Funds to Government-wide • Record capital assets, remove expenditures for capital outlays, record depreciation • Change “proceeds on bonds” to liabilities, change expenditures for principal payments to debt reduction, adjust for interest accruals • Convert revenue recognition to full accrual Continued

  34. RECONCILIATION SCHEDULES Fund balances in Governmental Funds to Government-wide Net assets Net change in Governmental Fund Balances to Government-wide change in Net assets

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