1.1: Renaissance, Protestant Reformation, & Exploration

1. 1.1: Renaissance, Protestant Reformation, & Exploration • Follow along in the student packet: “Content students MUST KNOW to be successful on the GHSGT” (pgs. 9-12) Click Here to View the Video

2. SS WH Standard - 9 The student will analyze change and continuity in the Renaissance and Reformation.

3. What is the Renaissance? • During the Renaissance (1300 to 1600), Western Europe emerged from the Middle Ages: • Renaissance means “rebirth” • Revival in Greek & Roman ideas • New ideas in art, government, & human potential; Trade; Cities • The Renaissance marked the beginning of the “modern era”

4. Indicator A • Explain the social, economic, and political changes that contributed to the rise of Florence and the ideas of Machiavelli.

6. RENAISSANCE WRITERS • Renaissance humanists were challenged “traditional” beliefs, wrote in the vernacular, & took advantage of the printing press: • Erasmus • Petrarch • Dante • Machiavelli

7. Introduction • Can you identify the following Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles? Donatello Michelangelo Rafael Leonardo

8. Not bad! But it’s doubtful whether that question will be on the GHSGT or knowledge of these guys will have any lasting significance. Introduction

9. Indicator B • Identify artistic and scientific achievements of Leonardo da Vinci, the “Renaissance man,” and Michelangelo.

10. Classical Ideas Religion Perspective The Individual Realism

11. Leonardo da Vinci

12. Leonardo da Vinci • Viewed as the original “ _ man” for his expertise in painting, sculpting, engineering, physics, anatomy and other subjects. His most well known paintings are the and The Last Supper. • He produced mechanical drawings so detailed that they could be used as plans for construction. He conceptualized many inventions that were not realized until the th century. Renaissance Mona Lisa technical 20

13. “The Last Supper” by Leonardo da Vinci

14. Leonardo da Vinci’s“Mona Lisa”

15. Leonardo da Vinci“Renaissance Man”

16. Leonardo da Vinci - Inventions

17. Leonardo da Vinci - Inventions

18. Leonardo da Vinci - Inventions

21. Michelangelo

22. Indicator C • Explain the main characteristics of humanism; include the ideas of Petrarch, Dante, and Erasmus.

23. Humanists • Studied the history, philosophy, and poetry of the ancient ______ and Romans. They challenged “traditional” beliefs, wrote in the vernacular, & took advantage of the printing _______. : • Machiavelli • Petrarch • Dante • Erasmus Greeks press

24. Petrarch • Often called the “______” of Humanism • He argued that no conflict existed between secular achievements and a person’s relationship with _____. He believed God had given people intelligence and _______ that should be used to the fullest in all aspects of life. father God talents

25. Dante • Took the humanist ideas of his contemporaries and incorporated them into literature written in the __________ language (vernacular) of his day. • Most serious writers of the Renaissance wrote exclusively in ______. He is considered to be the father of the _______ language because he wrote his books using the common language of Florence. common Latin Italian

26. Erasmus • A Dutch Christian Humanist who believed in reforming the Catholic Church from ________. • He believed in free _____ rather than the predestination of the Protestant movement. within will

27. 27 20 All of the following are true about the Renaissance EXCEPT • Renaissance means “rebirth” • Revival in Greek and Roman ideals • New ideas in art, government, human potential • It began in France. 10

28. 27 22 In his work, The Prince, he described the combination of force and shrewd decision-making required by a ruling prince to maintain power and order. • Machiavelli • Petrarch • Dante • Erasmus 10

29. 27 20 All of the following are works of Michelangelo EXCEPT • David • Mona Lisa • Painting on ceiling of Sistine Chapel • Pieta 10

30. 27 23 He is considered by many to be the father of the Italian language because he wrote his books using the common language of Florence. • Machiavelli • Petrarch • Dante • Erasmus 10

31. 27 22 He was a Dutch Christian Humanist who believed in reforming the Catholic Church from within the institution. • Machiavelli • Petrarch • Dante • Erasmus 10

32. 27 22 He argued that no conflict existed between secular achievements and a person’s relationship with God. • Machiavelli • Petrarch • Dante • Erasmus 10

33. Indicator D • Analyze the impact of the Protestant Reformation; include the ideas of Martin Luther and John Calvin.

34. The Protestant Reformation Click Here

36. How did his criticisms expand into an effort to form a new church? 95 questioning • Wrote ___ Theses to start debate on Church abuses • Published books and pamphlets ____________ Church teachings • Ideas for reform led to breaking with the Catholic Church and formed Lutheranism as the first __________ Church. 1. congregations choose their own __________ 2. worship of saints and holy days “_______” 3. mass conducted in ___________ instead of Latin 4. clergy allowed to _________ Protestant ministers sinful German marry

38. Calvinists (1546) Calvin • Founded by John ________ • Believed in predestination (God had predetermined who would obtain __________) • Thought a disciplined, strict life would prove who had been _________ • Believed in theocracy - government ruled by the ________ where behaviors such as dancing, drinking alcohol, and gambling would be outlawed. salvation chosen Church

39. Indicator E • Describe the Counter Reformation at the Council of Trent and the role of the Jesuits.

40. The Catholic Reformation Click Here

41. Protestant Reformation

42. Indicator F • Describe the English Reformation and the role of Henry VIII and Elizabeth I.

44. Conflict

46. Anglicans (1534) VIII • Founded by King Henry ______ of England • King Henry enraged by pope’s decision not to grant him _________ • Believed the monarch, not the ______, was supreme religious authority of England • Broke away, but beliefs were almost the same as the ________ Church • When his daughter, Elizabeth, became Queen, she turned the Anglican church to a moderate form of _____________. divorce pope Catholic Protestantism

47. Indicator G • Explain the importance of Gutenberg and the invention of the printing press.

48. Human Potential

49. Martin Luther believed 30 • Salvation could be attained through good works. • Johann Tetzel was a great man. • God predestined those who would be saved. • Salvation was by faith alone. 0 10

50. 5 0 Martin Luther did all of the following EXCEPT • Nailed his 95 Thesis on the door of a Catholic church • Condemned the sale of indulgences • Formed the Anglican Church • Published books and pamphlets questioning Church teachings 10