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How Gender Impacts Safe Motherhood. IGWG Training Taskforce: Gender and Safe Motherhood. Safe Motherhood Basics. Childbirth: life-threatening risk for women in the developing world. As of 2005, it is estimated that 536,000 women die yearly from causes related to pregnancy and birth.
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How Gender Impacts Safe Motherhood IGWG Training Taskforce: Gender and Safe Motherhood
Childbirth: life-threatening risk for women in the developing world As of 2005, it is estimated that 536,000 women die yearly from causes related to pregnancy and birth. 99% of those deaths occur in the developing world Another 10–20 million women every year face severe health problems, such as obstetric fistula.
The three deadly delays 1. Recognizing signs and deciding to seek care 2. Identifying and reaching a medical facility 3. Receiving adequate and appropriate treatment
How can maternal deaths be prevented? Priority interventions include: Skilled attendance at all births Emergency obstetric care Reproductive health and family planning services, including safe abortion Also, greater focus on postnatal care
Global estimates indicate that maternal mortality could be reduced… By 75%, with skilled attendance at all births backed by emergency obstetric care By 33%, with voluntary family planning By 13%, with access to safe abortion How can maternal deaths be prevented? (cont.)
Who does maternal mortality and morbidity affect? Women Children of women who die in childbirth 2–10 times greater likelihood of death within first two years Family, community, and country Decreased economic contributions to household, paid and nonpaid Psychological and social impact on family, including increased number of children leaving school US$15 billion estimated cost of maternal mortality
Gender-related barriers to safe motherhood Poor nutrition Girls Pregnant women Early first pregnancy Early marriage Pregnancy-related deaths are the leading cause of mortality for 15–19 year-old girls worldwide.
Lack of information and education Restriction of women’s movement outside the home Gendered division of household labor Gender-related barriers to safe motherhood (cont.)
Gender-based violence Intimate partner violence against women may increase during pregnancy Female genital cutting Gender-related barriers to safe motherhood (cont.)
Lack of decisionmaking power Resources for healthcare How many children to have Spacing between pregnancies Use of contraception Gender-related barriers to safe motherhood (cont.)
Exist at many different levels Individuals Couples Families and communities Health service and other institutions Policies Gender-related barriers to safe motherhood (cont.)
Safe motherhood related to women’s status Even though women are honored in all cultures as the givers of life, they are also often dishonored as human beings. In short, women’s status is a strong predictor of maternal mortality.