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Organization. Methods of organization. There are 4 ways to organize your thoughts. Chronological order Emphatic order Classification order Argumentative order Note: they’re not mutually exclusive. Chronological order. First this happened. Next that happened.
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Methods of organization There are 4 ways to organize your thoughts. • Chronological order • Emphatic order • Classification order • Argumentative order Note: they’re not mutually exclusive.
Chronological order • First this happened. • Next that happened. • Then the other thing happened. • Finally this last thing happened.
Emphatic order • Evidence • More important evidence • Even more important evidence • Oh my goodness, this evidence is so important!
Classification order Let’s use the example of starting a successful business… • Evidence related to finance • Evidence related to marketing • Evidence related to operations Basically, classify like with like. Note: All the classifications should be equitable.
Argumentative order Sometimes the structure of a particular type of argument will necessitate that you present your evidence in a particular order. Example, Modus Ponens Deduction: • We know that, if a man is Moroccan, then he is a Muslim. • We also know that Mohammad is Moroccan. • Therefore, we know that Mohammad is a Muslim.
Write a paragraph • I woke up. • The dog barked. • I called the police. • A burglar arrived at my house. • I heard noises downstairs.
Write a paragraph • Morocco has beautiful mountains. • Morocco’s beaches are the best in the world. • Major cities have excellent food. • The desert is particularly breathtaking. • There are many art galleries. • You can find award-winning architecture.
Write a paragraph • I have a lot to learn from English-speaking fiction authors like Dickens, as well as nonfiction ones like Bentham. • English sounds pretty to my ear. • English skills will help me find a job.
Write a paragraph – try • All democracies elect their leaders. • Brazil is a democracy. • All elected leaders have to campaign for votes. • ???
Introductory paragraph • Begin with a broad, general statement of your topic and narrow it down to your thesis statement… • … or use an incident or brief story before making a broad, general statement with your thesis. • Start with an idea or situation that is the opposite of the one you will develop. • Explain the importance of your topic to the reader. • Do something fresh like asking one or more questions… • … or using a quotation.
Concluding paragraph • End with a summary and a final thought. • Include a thought-provoking question or short series of questions. • Your book recommends this, but I do not. • End with a prediction or recommendation.