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African Americans in US history

African Americans in US history. Colonies. First slaves are brought on a Dutch trading ship in 1619 Chattel slavery is relied upon in Chesapeake following Bacon’s Rebellion 1662, the “ partus ” law was passed saying that children born to slaves were slaves as well

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African Americans in US history

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  1. African Americans in US history

  2. Colonies • First slaves are brought on a Dutch trading ship in 1619 • Chattel slavery is relied upon in Chesapeake following Bacon’s Rebellion • 1662, the “partus” law was passed saying that children born to slaves were slaves as well • The Barbados Code is instituted • Use of cash crops meant that slavery spread throughout the South • Triangle trade and the Middle Passage • New York Slave Revolt- 1712 • Stono’s Rebellion- 1739 • New York Slave Insurrection- 1741

  3. American Revolution • Many Rhodes Islanders became slave traders • Lord Dunmore’s Proclamation stated that any slave who fought in the Revolution on the side of the British would be freed. The soldiers were known as Lord Dunmore’s Ethiopian Regiment. • American militias allowed black in ranks beginning in 1777 • Freedom of colonies brings up issue of slavery…many founding fathers wanted it to disappear by the 1800s • 3/5 Compromise

  4. Early America • Invention of the cotton gin leads to the growth of cotton plantations across American south • Slave culture is created- use of pidgin, • Missouri Compromise • Denmark Vessey Uprising: 1822 • Nat Turner’s Rebellion: 1831- beginning of anti-literacy laws

  5. Antebellum America • Most families in the South do not own slaves! • Female slaves tended to be treated better than males slaves and often cared for children or worked in the home (Mammie) while male slaves were often shackled and worked in the fields or with the horses, etc. • Beginning of abolition: William Lloyd Garrison, Grimke sisters, Theodore Dwight Weld, Frederick Douglass • Southern apologists argued that slavery (the peculiar institution) is legal because it’s in the bible, was used in other democracies such as Greece and Rome and that a slave’s life was better than that of a factory worker in the North • Uncle Tom’s Cabin • Compromise of 1850, Kansas Nebraska • John Brown and Bleeding Kansas and Harper’s Ferry

  6. Civil War and Reconstruction • New York City Draft Riots • Blacks who fought in the Civil War were paid less, served in segregated units and had no room for promotion • Slaves in rebelling states were freed by the Emancipation Proclamation • Former slaves were freed by the 13th Amendment • Exodusters: former slaves crossing in to Missouri after being freed • Black Senators are elected until the Second Corrupt Bargain • Freedman’s Bureaus • Black Codes, sharecropping, Jim Crow laws instituted in the South • Rise of the Klan

  7. Gilded Age and Progressivism • Booker T Washington and The Atlanta Compromise • W.E.B. DuBois and the Niagra Movement- On the Souls of Black Folk • Creation of the NAACP • Blacks able to vote tend to vote Republican • Ida B. Wells starts anti-lynching campaign

  8. African Americans in the 1920s • Harlem Renaissance • Langston Hughes, Zora Neale Hurston • Marcus Garvey and the Back to Africa Movement • Jazz Age- Jelly Roll Morton, Louis Armstrong, Duke Ellington, Billie Holiday • Great Migration during WWI

  9. Great Depression • Eleanor Roosevelt fought for African Americans to be included in New Deal agencies • Most agencies set aside 10% of funds for African Americans • African Americans begin voting Democrat • Sharecropping still widespread

  10. WWII • Able to serve in segregated units- Tuskegee Airman • Many African Americans move to the North in order to work in wartime industry • Huge movements and limited housing availability led to the creation of inner city ghettoes • Double V campaign! • Membership in NAACP grows • Creation of CORE: Congress of Racial Equality • Call for Negro March on Washington leads to creation of FEPC

  11. 1950s • Civil Rights Movement begins • Thurgood Marshall and the NAACP • Sweatt v Painter, Brown v Board • Little Rock Nine • SNCC and sit ins • Montgomery Bus Boycott, rise of MLK • Creation of SCLC • Civil Rights Act of 1957

  12. 1960s • MLK v Malcolm X • Creation of Nation of Islam, Black Nationalism • Birmingham Campaign • March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom • Civil Rights Act of 64, 24th Amendment, Voting Rights Act of 65 • Freedom Summer and the Voted Education Project • Freedom Rides • Watts Riot- 1965 • Race Riots of 1968 • Black Panther Party for Self Defense created by Bobby Seale, Huey Newton and Stokley Carmichael

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