Tobacco Unit P.425

1. Tobacco Unit P.425 Every day, nearly 4,000 kids try a cigarette and 1,000 teens in the US become smokers. One third of these teens will eventually die from smoking.

2. TobaccoCDC • Tobacco jeopardizes the health and well being of smokers and the people around them and causes more than 400,000 deaths each year in the U.S. Which is about 1200 people a day. • On average a smoker will die 14 years earlier than a nonsmoker!

3. Tobacco use is the single most preventable cause of death in the U.S. • Smokers are at risk of heart disease, lung disease and cancer. • ** As the amount of education increases the chance of someone becoming a tobacco user decreases, however people who already use tobacco usually are too addicted to quit! http://video.about.com/quitsmoking/Nicotine-Withdrawal.htm.

4. P.425-426 • List & explain the two types of dependence( physical & psychological) Define/explain the following terms & ingredients/by- products. 2. Tobacco 3. Nicotine 4. Carbon monoxide 5. Tar 6. Carcinogens 7. List the forms of tobacco (smokeless (3) /smoking (3) 8. Why do people use and/or start using tobacco products? ( 5 reasons)

5. Dependence p. 425 • Physical- dependence on nicotine(active ingredient), when the body becomes used to the effects. • Psychological- develops when people feel the need to smoke or chew tobacco at certain times or for specific reasons.

6. What is Tobacco? • A plant that contains nicotine. Tobacco can be smoked in the form of cigarettes, cigars and pipes. • Smokeless tobacco is tobacco that is chewed or snorted, but not smoked. Ex. Chew, snuff, dip

7. Reasons Why People UseTobacco • Advertising ( portrays users to be young, healthy & attractive) • Peer Pressure • Boredom • Look & act older • Parents smoke (Genetic Predisposition) • Relax • Prevent weight gain • “Buzz” (stimulant effect)

8. Ingredients Nicotine-the worst ingredient - Colorless liquid • highly addictive stimulant drug found in tobacco products. • Stimulates the nervous system • Nicotine is absorbed into the blood stream after inhalation. Each cigarette contains 1-2mg. of nicotine.

9. Nicotine cont. • What builds the tolerance factor • Limits circulation, enhances the formation of cholesterol on the walls of the blood vessels. • Cancer causing • Is considered as addictive as heroin, cocaine & alcohol!

10. Tar Over 200 separate chemicals • Where most carcinogens are found • is a sticky, thick fluid that is formed when tobacco is smoked. • Irritates respiratory tissue, major cause of lung cancer. • Kills cilia • Medically considered the most harmful by-product. ( does the most damage to the body) • Yellows the teeth

11. Carbon Monoxide • Odorless, tasteless gas • Interferes with the ability of blood to carry oxygen. ( actually replaces the oxygen in the blood) • Attaches quickly to red blood cells. • Only affects smokers and the people around them.

12. Tobacco Products • Cigarettes- most profitable Regular- non filtered Filtered- removes only 10% of tar & nicotine Menthol- adds flavor only Clove- “flavoring sauce” Light- low tar & nicotine

13. Smoke Damagep. 428 • Mainstream smoke- smoke that is directly inhaled into the smokers lungs. • Sidestream smoke- the smoke that comes off the end of a burning cigarette, cigar, or pipe. Contains more tar, nicotine, carbon monoxide and ammonia than mainstream smoke. • Secondhand/Environmental smoke-Exhaled mainstream smoke & sidestream smoke. • Passive Smoking/Involuntary- breathing in secondhand smoke.

14. Environmental Smoke Statistics CDC • Being around people who smoke you are exposed to over 4000 chemicals. • Environmental smoke is responsible for 3000 lung cancer deaths & 35,000 heart disease deaths per year in the US

15. Risks with Passive Smoking/Involuntary Smoker • Lung cancer • Heart disease • Respiratory Problems Children- ear infections, respiratory problems, bronchitis, pneumonia, lungs do not develop properly Infants-SIDS

16. Chemicals found in Secondhand/Environmental Smoke • Formaldehyde • Vinyl chloride • Carbon Dioxide • Butane • Ammonia • Lead • Arsenic • Chromium • And many others • There are over 4,000 different chemicals in secondhand smoke

17. P.429 • Smokeless Tobacco- 3x’s the amount of nicotine than a cigarette! A tobacco product made from chopped tobacco leaves that is placed inbetween the gums and cheek. • Snuff- powdered tobacco that is inhaled • Dip - placed in mouth between lip and teeth. • Chew- shredded tobbaco, placed in cheeks. • Quid- term for a small amount of smokeless tobacco.

18. Leukoplakia p. 429 • Is the changes of the cells in the mouth, due to long term use of smokeless tobacco. • The abnormal cells in the mouth appear as white patches of tissue. • NOT CANCER, but can turn into cancer *Oral Cancer- most common form of cancer with the use of smokeless tobacco( Exs. Mouth, throat, lip, tongue etc.) *Pipe Smokers usually develop lip & tongue cancer

19. How Smoking Harms Healthp. 426 • Respiratory System- • COPD/COLD- • Chronic Bronchitis- • Emphysema- • Cardiovascular Disease- ** 90% of all lung cancers are directly related to smoking!

20. Chronic Bronchitis • is a recurring inflammation of the bronchial tubes that causes mucus to line the bronchial tubes. Causes deep, harsh coughing& wheezing. Develops in almost all smokers after 10 years. Bronchi- the two main tubes/airways in the lungs.

21. Emphysema • condition in which the alveoli lose most of their ability to function properly. The lungs lose their ability to inflate and hold air. The small air sacs (balloon like structures) burst instead of inflating and holding air. • People with emphysema breath about 30x’s a minute ( healthy adult 12-20x’s) • They can not breath out! • Can not be cured • Alveoli – small balloon like structures attached to the bronchial passages, they inflate & deflate with inhalation & exhalation. (300 million +)

22. How can smoking cause Cardiovascular Disease • Speeds up the development of fatty deposits. • Damages inner linings of arteries. • Reduces space in artery • Increases the risk of blood clots. The nicotine raises a persons resting heart rate 20 beats per minute. (Normal- 40 to 100 beats per minute)

23. Local Health Bureau • Responsible for enforcing the sale of tobacco. • You must be 18 in PA to buy tobacco products. • Surgeon General- spokesperson and advocate for health issues and for prevention of diseases. Nominated by the president of US for a 4 year term. -Regina M. Benjamin M.B.A

24. Advertising Pg. 37-38 1.What kind of people are usually put in ads? 2. Give 2 examples of where advertisement company’s would place ads to have the greatest effect. 3. How are we influenced by ad’s? 4. Why do we no longer see athletes/celebrities advertising Tobacco/alcohol products? Tobacco companies know that 90% of smokers start in their teens! Tobacco companies spend 34million dollars a DAY marketing their products- it’s a billion dollar industry!

25. Advertising Appeals Pg.38 List the 10 appeals and list the main objective or task of that ad.

26. Advertisement Questions • How do they influence young people? • What is the product being advertised? • What is the name of the product? • What type of advertising appeal/s are being used and explain why you are choosing those appeals? • Who appears to be the target audience? ( age groups, gender)

27. Tobacco Advertising p.430-431 • Tobacco companies can not advertise on TV, radio,and teen magazines. • Ad’s in stores, billboards & buses can not have photos, artwork or any color • Tobacco companies spend billions of dollars each year to influence people to use tobacco, majority of ad’s are aimed at teens.

28. Quitting p.432-433 • Nicotine Patch- most common • Nicotine Gum- • Nicotine Nasal Spray- • Nicotine Inhaler- • Non-Nicotine Pill- • Cold Turkey- hardest but best method **See Handout

29. See Handout Evaluate how the body repairs it self after someone quits smoking. After: 20mins.- 8 hours- 2 weeks to 3 months- 1-9 months- 10 years-

30. Electronic Cigarette • An electronic cigarette, e-cigarette or personal vaporizer, is a battery-powered device that provides inhaled doses of nicotine or non-nicotine vaporized solution. It is an alternative to smokedtobacco products, such as cigarettes, cigars, or pipes. In addition to purported nicotine delivery, this vapor also provides a flavor and physical sensation similar to that of inhaled tobacco smoke, while no smoke or by-products are actually involved in its operation.