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Crash Course!

Introduction to Molecular Biology. Crash Course!. 1 chromosome = 1 DNA molecule. Major Functions- DNA. Stores genetic information! Expresses genetic information when needed. Replicates. Doesn’t do any other important cellular functions. Major Functions- RNA. Middle Man.

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Crash Course!

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  1. Introduction to Molecular Biology Crash Course!

  2. 1 chromosome = 1 DNA molecule

  3. Major Functions- DNA Stores genetic information! Expresses genetic information when needed. Replicates. Doesn’t do any other important cellular functions.

  4. Major Functions- RNA Middle Man. DNA’s messenger boy. Part-time building material.

  5. Most of a cell (excluding the water) is protein. DOES THIS MAKE SENSE??

  6. Major Functions- Proteins They execute nearly all cell functions. They are a major building material. They are enzymes, motors, receptors, hormones, antibodies, cables, etc.

  7. Central Dogma

  8. What is a gene? A gene is a stretch of DNA that contains the information to produce a particular product (usually a protein).

  9. A gene produces a particular product (usually a protein). Messenger RNA (mRNA) Ribosomal RNA (rRNA) Transfer RNA (tRNA) PROTEIN

  10. Transcription:The enzyme RNA polymerase unwinds and copies:

  11. The mRNA and the DNA are base-pairing. One strand is involved in transcription.

  12. Next- Translation How an mRNA produces a protein

  13. DNA Transcription Cell Cytoplasm mRNA Nucleus Translation Polypeptide Fig. 9-3, p. 214

  14. The genetic code is a triplet code.

  15. Transfer RNA

  16. Met

  17. How many different codons are there??

  18. Eukaryotic Gene Structure

  19. Eukaryotic gene detail:

  20. What is a mutation?

  21. Explain why this mutation is different. It is a synonymous mutation.

  22. SNPs are not mutations. • Mutations are rare. Mutations are random. • SNPs are ancient differences and common. Almost all common SNPs have only two alleles. Many SNPs lie in the intergenic regions (between the genes) or in introns.

  23. Is the study of SNPs important? • SNPs may influence your susceptibility to a wide variety of diseases. • At least that is what some people think!

  24. The End

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