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Wildlife Fundamentals

Wildlife Fundamentals. Approaches to Wildlife Management : 1) Preservation (“hands off”) 2) Conservation (“use wisely”) 3) Management (“manipulate”). Wildlife Fundamentals. Goals of management : 1) population increase 2) population decrease 3) maintain population

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Wildlife Fundamentals

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  1. Wildlife Fundamentals • Approaches to Wildlife Management: • 1) Preservation (“hands off”) • 2) Conservation (“use wisely”) • 3) Management (“manipulate”)

  2. Wildlife Fundamentals • Goals of management: • 1) population increase • 2) population decrease • 3) maintain population • 4) harvest population on sustained yield basis

  3. “Land” to Manage 2.3 billion acres in U.S. 741 million acres in public ownership - 336 MA = BLM - 189 MA = USFS - 86 MA = USFWS - 68 MA = NPS - 13 MA = U.S. Army

  4. Review of Wildlife Fundamentals

  5. Wildlife Fundamentals • Single-species vs. Ecosystem Mgt • Coarse-filter vs. Fine-filter adaptive resource management: given current scientific understanding, 1) implement mgt. strategy, but 2) monitor effects and adjust

  6. Determine Goals & Desires of Public Understand Function & Operation of Nat. Syst. Consider Politics Form Mgt Plan Set Mgt Goals Manipulate Species or Population Manipulate Habitat Increase, Decrease, Stabilize Pop Evaluate Mgt Practices

  7. Habitat

  8. Habitat Quality

  9. Habitat • Habitat from an evolutionary perspective • Species distribution relative to habitat dist’n • Climatic events • Pleistocene Epoch & dist’n of modern species • Evolutionary underpinnings • Adaptation & Evolution for habitat

  10. Concept of Habitat Selection • Wildlife perceiving correct configuration of habitat needed for survival – differences based on age/experience/chance? – hierarchy to decision process • Niche concept (time/place/functional role) & habitat selection

  11. Hutchison’s n-dimensional hypervolume

  12. Testing the Hutchinsonian Niche Concept of Habitat Selection • James – work with birds in Arkansas…quantified habitat relationships • How do birds select habitat? • niche gestalt :

  13. Scale Dependence of Habitat Selection Orders of Selection Macrohabitat vs. Microhabitat

  14. Habitat Selection ProximateFactorsvs. UltimateFactors

  15. habitat interspersion – Leopold’s Law of Interspersion

  16. Managing for Biodiversity Paradigm of Wildlife Biology & Conservation Biology

  17. Human-induced “heterogeneity”

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