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Bonn Republic, 1949-1990 Atlanticism periodic contrition for Nazi crimes Luxembourg agreement (1951) lengthening statute of limitations trials of remaining perpetrators failed initiatives of Helmut Kohl Israel speech (1984) Bitburg episode (1985) Jenninger affair (1988)
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Bonn Republic, 1949-1990 Atlanticism periodic contrition for Nazi crimes Luxembourg agreement (1951) lengthening statute of limitations trials of remaining perpetrators failed initiatives of Helmut Kohl Israel speech (1984) Bitburg episode (1985) Jenninger affair (1988) economic miracle sublimation of nationalism into pan-European institutions Berlin Republic, 1990-present foreign policy flexibility, pro Russian turn pro forma contrition Berlin Holocaust memorial East vs. West (Ossi vs. Wessi) limits on European cooperation: Greece, 2010
Bonn Republic Party System Christian Democratic Union/Christian Social Union (CDU/CSU) Social Democratic Party (SPD) Free Democratic Party (FDP) The Greens Berlin Republic Party System Bonn + Die Linke (Socialist Unity Party + disaffected far left of SPD)