1886 to 1892 describes European art following Impressionism

1. Post-Impressionism • 1886 to 1892 • describes European art following Impressionism • Individual approach to painting was stressed that was unique to each artist working at the time. • Main artists: - Mary Cassatt - Paul Gauguin - George Seurat - Vincent van Gogh

2. Mary Cassatt • 1845-1926 • American – worked in France • restrained by societal ideas • Characteristics: • Only painted “womanly” topics • Famous works: • The Child’s Bath • The Boating Party https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EzElAusnaAs

3. The Child’s Bath • Notable: the circular shapes of the figures’ heads, the basin, and the pitcher, as well as the striped pattern of the woman’s dress. • The many paintings, pastels, and prints in which Cassatt depicted children being bathed, dressed, read to, held, or nursed reflect the most advanced 19th-century ideas about raising children. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=O4St29B7cmU

4. The unusual vantage point (from above) as well as her choice of a female subject show her interest in Japanese woodblock prints, which had become extremely popular in France at the time.

5. The Boating Party https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vcTE5x7cTL8

6. Paul Gauguin • 1848-1903 • paved the way to “primitivism” • a belief that the qualities of primitive or early cultures are superior to those of contemporary civilization. • Influenced by his move to Tahiti • Famous works: • Where Do We Come From? What Are We? Where Are We Going? • Self-Portrait With Halo https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jW3v3pK-QvU

7. Where Do We Come From? What Are We? Where Are We Going? "I believe that this canvas not only surpasses all my preceding ones, but that I shall never do anything better—or even like it."

8. The three women with a child represent the beginning of life • the middle group symbolizes the daily existence of young adulthood; • and in the final group, according to the artist, "an old woman approaching death appears reconciled and resigned to her thoughts;" at her feet, "a strange white bird...represents the futility of words." • The blue idol in the background apparently represents what Gauguin described as "the Beyond.“ • This painting is meant to be read from right to left. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MuhUQQRjxOU

10. Self-Portrait with Halo • Gauguin uses bold design, intense color, flat shapes to emphasize symbolism. • Desired to find the primitive core of human imagination.

11. The Vision After the Sermon, Jacob Wrestling the Angel https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=y5lhKvKvWPg

12. Georges Seurat • 1859-1891 • French • founder of “Pointillism” • Distinct dots of color to create work • Famous work: • A Sunday on La Grande Jatte https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BOdmp7_BUhY

13. “Pointillism”

15. A Sunday on La Grande Jatte https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wNB9Vm6MoDQ

16. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XaJRtRZIT5o

17. Vincent van Gogh • 1853-1890 - Dutch • started at age 27 • Was known for using expressive elements such as twisting lines to reflect his feelings and emotions about a subject • produced more than 2,000 works during the last ten years of his life • friends with Paul Gauguin • committed suicide https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Qp1ED6L2qR0

18. Café Terrace at Night • Van Gogh uses linear perspective, unlike many of his other works. • What is the vanishing point? • Paints darkness without black – the buildings are in shades of blue • The café is still there today, refurbished to look like the painting https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MAEw6G5dCLU

19. The Starry Night - movement & rhythm used though repetition and pattern - one of his greatest works - artistic brilliance soared as his mental state declined - painted while Vincent was in an insane asylum - Unlike most of his works, Starry Night was painted from memory and not outdoors as was his preference https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rjNGj04DAAI

20. Night Café https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jBOL5yakREA

21. Night Café • - Van Gogh wanted this painting to convey an oppressive atmosphere • - “A place where one can ruin oneself, go mad, or commit a crime.”--- Madness conveyed w/vivid hues • - Deep perspective on the table makes it seem like it’s going to slide out of the painting • - The thickness, shape, and direction of his brush strokes created a tactile counterpart to his intense color schemes • * Moved the brush back at right angles • * Direct application from paint tube

22. Self-Portrait with Bandaged Ear -Gauguin moved in with Van Gogh in October. -The relationship deteriorated throughout December. -Relations between the pair declined in tandem with Vincent's state of mental health. -On 23 December, van Gogh, in an irrational fit of madness, mutilated the lower portion of his left ear, wrapped it in cloth and then took it to a prostitute. -Originally went after Gauguin with the razor blade before attacking himself