Test Review The Renaissance, Enlightenment, and Forms of Government

1. Test ReviewThe Renaissance, Enlightenment, and Forms of Government

2. 1. Which time period is most closely associated with these statements? Classical Greco-Roman ideas were revived. People supported the arts and education. Humanism spread throughout Western Europe. • The Middle Ages. • The Renaissance. • The American Revolution. • The Enlightenment.

3. 2. Louis XIV of France, Charles V & Philip II of Spain, and Elizabeth I of England were all: • Protestant rulers. • Catholic rulers. • Absolute rulers. • Thinkers of the Enlightenment.

4. 3. A long-term effect of Gutenberg’s printing press was • Feudalism declined. • Monarchs were restored to absolute power. • Literacy rates increased. • Trade routes were expanded.

5. 4. One major characteristic of the Renaissance period was • The Catholic Church no longer had any influence in Europe. • Classical cultures of Greece and Rome were revived and imitated. • The manor became the center of economic activity. • A major language of the people became Italian.

6. 5. This document limited the power of the English monarchy • The Declaration of Independence. • The Magna Carta. • The Twelve Tables • The Petition of Government.

7. 6. Which statement expresses an idea of the Enlightenment? • The king is sacred and answers only to God. • It was a time when explorers discovered new lands. • Those that are the most fit will survive and succeed. • All individuals have natural rights.

8. 7. Which of the following is true of a totalitarian governments? • They eliminate heavy industry. • They have censorship, a secret police, and are considered repressive. • They lack of a written constitution. • The people have the same freedoms as those under a democracy.

9. 8. Which period is most directly related to this statement?“…Therefore those preachers of indulgences are in error, who say that by the pope’s indulgences a man is freed from every penalty, and saved…” — Martin Luther • Age of Exploration. • Scientific Revolution. • The Crusades. • The Protestant Reformation.

10. 9. The ideals developed in the Athens of Pericles and in Republican Rome influenced the development of: • A parliament in Britain. • A theocracy in Iran. • Military juntas in Latin America. • A communist government in China.

11. 10. From the 15th to the 18th centuries, absolute monarchs of Europe and Asia sought to • Increase the power of the Catholic Church. • Redistribute land to the peasants. • Centralize their political power. • Strengthen the manor system.

12. 11. Choose which event is most closely associated with the following statements. -Parliament offered the throne to King William and Queen Mary. -Catholic King James II fled England for France. -Parliament agreed to joint rule with the monarch. • The American Revolution. • The Glorious Revolution. • The Crusades. • The French Revolution.

13. 12. One similarity between Martin Luther and Henry VIII is that they • Argued against the establishment of a theocracy. • Protested against the ideas of the Enlightenment. • Died due to their beliefs. • Challenged the teachings of the Catholic Church.

14. 13. Galileo and René Descartes faced serious challenges to their scientific theories because their ideas • Were based on the Bible. • Contradicted traditional medieval European beliefs. • Were made up and lacked factual evidence. • Were not supported by scientific investigations.

15. 14. John Locke’s Enlightenment philosophy was based on the idea that • Absolute monarchies should exist. • Democracy was a bad form of government. • Individual rights should be denied. • Governments should be based on the consent of the people.

16. 15. A contribution to the beginning of the Renaissance in Italian cities was • Access to important trade routes. • Occupation by foreign powers. • Interaction with Latin America. • A government revolution.

17. 16. The Magna Carta, the Petition of Right, and the English Bill of Rights were created to • Establish laws protecting the rights of Protestants. • Limit the power of English monarchs. • Organize England’s colonial empire. • Eliminate the role of Parliament.

18. 17. Which innovation led directly to the following developments? -Literacy rates rise. -Shakespeare’s sonnets circulated. -Secular (non-religious) ideas spread. • The printing press. • The astrolabe. • The development of paper currency. • The caravel.

19. 18. Locke’s Two Treatises of Government, Rousseau’s The Social Contract, and Montesquieu’s The Spirit of the Laws were works written during which time period? • The Middle Ages. • The Renaissance. • The Enlightenment. • The Reformation.

20. 19. Which philosophy of government is expressed by this quotation? “. . . Finally, gather together all that we have said, so great and so august [important], about royal authority. You have seen a great nation united under one man: you have seen his sacred power, paternal and absolute: you have seen that secret reason which directs the body politic, enclosed in one head: you have seen the image of God in kings, and you will have the idea of majesty of kingship. God is holiness itself, goodness itself, power itself, reason itself. In these things consists the divine majesty. In their reflection consists the majesty of the prince. . .” — Jacques-Benigne Bossuet • Oligarchy. • Democracy. • Fascism. • Divine right.

21. 20. Form of government that means “rule by the people.” • Autocracy • Democracy • Monarchy • Totalitarian dictatorship • Oligarchy

22. 21. Hitler was this type of ruler. • Autocracy • Democracy • Monarchy • Totalitarian dictatorship • Oligarchy

23. 22. The form of government where power is held by a small group of people. • Autocracy • Democracy • Monarchy • Totalitarian dictatorship • Oligarchy

24. 23. Leaders can come to power through force or revolution in this form of government. • Autocracy • Democracy • Monarchy • Totalitarian dictatorship • Oligarchy

25. 24. This form of government is known as “rule by one.” • Autocracy • Democracy • Monarchy • Totalitarian dictatorship • Oligarchy

26. 25. This form of government can be either direct or representative. • Autocracy • Democracy • Monarchy • Totalitarian dictatorship • Oligarchy

27. 26. This form of government can be constitutional or absolute. • Autocracy • Democracy • Monarchy • Totalitarian dictatorship • Oligarchy

28. 27. The leader of this form of government is known as a dictator. • Autocracy • Democracy • Monarchy • Totalitarian dictatorship • Oligarchy

29. 28. The leader’s power is usually inherited in this form of government. • Autocracy • Democracy • Monarchy • Totalitarian dictatorship • Oligarchy

30. 29. This type of government began in the city-states of Ancient Greece and Rome. • Autocracy • Democracy • Monarchy • Totalitarian dictatorship • Oligarchy

31. 30. Louis XIV was this type of ruler. • Autocracy • Democracy • Monarchy • Totalitarian dictatorship • Oligarchy