BELLWORK

1. BELLWORK • What was the role of the church in Medieval Europe? • Read page 180 and answer the following questions: • When was the Renaissance? • List two characteristics of the Renaissance. (1st paragraph) • Where did the Renaissance start? Why did it start here? • THINKER: Why was the church so strong? In your opinion, why did people believe everything the church said? What would happen if they went against the church?

2. Reminders…… • All Unit 2 Tests/Short Answers must be made up by Friday! • CURRENT EVENT THIS FRIDAY!!!! • Find an article that interests you, and cut/print it out. • 2 paragraph written response: summary & personal opinion • Do not forget to properly site using MLA format!

3. The Renaissance

4. The Origins of the Renaissance • The term Renaissance means “rebirth” in Latin • 1350 – 1600 • This time period was a “rebirth” of art, ideas, literature, and values. • These new ideas caused many Europeans to leave the Catholic church. (Starts church reformation) • Begins in Florence, Italy and spreads north to the rest of Europe • center of trade between Europe and Africa • center of Greco-Roman culture • center of the Catholic Church

5. Italian City-States • Italy was made up of five city-states, each with their own characteristics and governments • Florence is considered the birthplace of the Renaissance • Venice was a major trading port and helped spread the Renaissance • Milan’s connection to France encouraged the spread of the Renaissance • Naples and the Papal States helped spread the Renaissance through trade and religion

6. Unit 3 Vocabulary • The Renaissance/Reformation period introduced a lot of new beliefs, views, and ideas. Before we learn about the specifics, define the following vocabulary words in your notes: • Humanism • Secularism • Individualism • Chateaux • Indulgences • Theocracy • Seminary • Mercantilism

7. The Beginning • The Renaissance was the rebirth of art & learning; start of “modern times” • It was influenced by very powerful families such as the Medici family • The Medici’s were bankers out of Florence • The families gave support to various artists

8. Characteristics of the Renaissance • Humanism • Individualism • Questioning Attitude • Interest in secularism, or non-religious worldly matters • Rise of the middle class • Great achievements in the arts

9. Humanism • Idea that focused on human achievements and potential rather than religious themes • Concentrated on everyday human problems and relationships • Humanists focus on pleasure rather than morality

10. Humanism • How do you think humanism, secularism, and a questioning attitude changed people’s views of the Catholic Church? • New ideas of the Renaissance often conflicted with the traditional teachings of the Catholic Church and Medieval thinking

11. Renaissance Art • Italians were willing to spend a lot of money on art • Art communicated political, spiritual and social values • Public art in Florence was organized and supported by guilds • Guild: association of craftsman in a particular trade • Therefore, art was used as a form of competition for social and political status

12. Medieval Art • Artists depicted subjects in an unrealistic two dimensional style to indicate the importance of the soul over the body

13. Characteristics of Renaissance Art • Three dimensional • Realistic • Lifelike • Influenced by Greco-Roman culture • Use of oil paint “Baptism of Christ” (Da Vinci)

14. Medieval & Renaissance Art What were the differences between Medieval and Renaissance Art?

15. Enthroned Madonna and Child , 1280

16. Giotto.Madonna and Child Enthroned with Saints

17. The School of Athens

18. The Alba Madonna

19. Italian Renaissance Artists • Leonardo Da Vinci • Michelangelo • Raphael • Donatello

20. Leonardo Da Vinci • Da Vinci was considered the “Renaissance Man” • Was a painter, sculptor, inventor, and a scientist (The Vitruvian Man, 1485)

21. Leonardo Da Vinci“The Last Supper”

22. Leonardo Da Vinci“Mona Lisa”

23. Raphael“The School of Athens”

24. Raphael“The Alba Madonna”

25. Michelangelo“The Sistine Chapel”

27. Michelangelo“David”

28. Michelangelo“Pieta”

30. Donatellobronze “David” • First unsupported standing work in bronze during the Renaissance period

31. Renaissance Writers • Began to use the vernacular (vernacular = the native language) instead of classical Latin • Machiavelli, wrote “The Prince”– a handbook for behavior • Make a prediction  What were Renaissance authors writing about?

32. William Shakespeare • The best known Renaissance writer was William Shakespeare • Between 1590 and 1613 he wrote 37 plays that are still preformed around the world

33. Machiavelli • Machiavelli was a political philosopher • “The Prince” advised kings how to rule • Within the Machiavellian way of thinking, people questioned the corruption of the government & church • You are now going to read excerpts from The Prince and answer 12 questions.

34. CLOSURE • What is the Renaissance? • Where did the Renaissance start? (country and city!) • What were some characteristics of Renaissance art? How is this different from Medieval art? • Who were some of the most influential Renaissance artists? • What is humanism?

35. The Printing Revolution • In 1456, Johann Gutenberg printed the bible using movable metal type on a machine called a Printing Press • Printed books became cheap and easier to produce • Now, readers gained access to broad range of knowledge (Medicine to Religion) • The printing press would greatly contribute to the Reformation of the church.

36. Reading: The Importance of Moveable Type • You are now going to read a handout on Gutenberg and his accomplishment of Moveable type. • As we read, follow along and be ready to discuss the four questions.