Chapter 11

1. Chapter 11 The Atomic Nature of Matter

2. Brownian motion has to do with the • size of atoms. • vibrations of atoms. • random motions of atoms and molecules. • rhythmic movements of Brownians.

3. Brownian motion has to do with the • size of atoms. • vibrations of atoms. • random motions of atoms and molecules. • rhythmic movements of Brownians. Comment: It was Einstein’s investigation of Brownian motion that in 1922 won him the Nobel Prize in Physics.

4. It is correct to say that atoms that make up your body • were formed in ancient stars. • were previously a part of your neighbor’s bodies. • are in motion at all times. • All of these.

5. It is correct to say that atoms that make up your body • were formed in ancient stars. • were previously a part of your neighbor’s bodies. • are in motion at all times. • All of these.

6. Compared with the wavelength of visible light, atoms are • about the same size. • smaller. • larger. • fuzzier.

7. Compared with the wavelength of visible light, atoms are • about the same size. • smaller. • larger. • fuzzier.

8. Which of the following has the smallest mass? • Proton • Neutron • Electron • Except for slight differences, all have about the same mass.

9. Which of the following has the smallest mass? • Proton • Neutron • Electron • Except for slight differences, all have about the same mass.

10. The reason you don’t fall between the atoms in the floor you stand on involves • the small spaces between atoms. • electrical forces. • the rigidity of solids. • pressure.

11. The reason you don’t fall between the atoms in the floor you stand on involves • the small spaces between atoms. • electrical forces. • the rigidity of solids. • pressure.

12. An element is a substance consisting of • atoms of the same kind. • atoms or molecules of the same kind. • only protons. • protons and electrons in balance.

13. An element is a substance consisting of • atoms of the same kind. • atoms or molecules of the same kind. • only protons. • protons and electrons in balance.

14. The classic periodic table • has four legs. • lists the known elements. • is now outmoded and has been replaced by modeling programs. • None of the above.

15. The classic periodic table • has four legs. • lists the known elements. • is now outmoded and has been replaced by modeling programs. • None of the above.

16. Investigation of atoms sequenced along each horizontal row (period) of the periodic table shows that atoms decrease in • mass. • size. • atomic weight. • None of the above.

17. Investigation of atoms sequenced along each horizontal row (period) of the periodic table shows that atoms decrease in • mass. • size. • atomic weight. • None of the above.

18. If you add or subtract a proton to or from the nucleus of an atom, you produce • a completely different atom. • an isotope of the same atom. • an ion. • None of the above.

19. If you add or subtract a proton to or from the nucleus of an atom, you produce • a completely different atom. • an isotope of the same atom. • an ion. • None of the above.

20. The atomic number of an atom is defined in terms of its number of • protons. • neutrons. • protons and neutrons. • protons, neutrons, and electrons.

21. The atomic number of an atom is defined in terms of its number of • protons. • neutrons. • protons and neutrons. • protons, neutrons, and electrons.

22. The size of an atom is mostly determined by the space occupied by its • nucleus. • electrons. • protons. • neutrons.

23. The size of an atom is mostly determined by the space occupied by its • nucleus. • electrons. • protons. • neutrons.

24. Which of these elements has atoms of the greatest mass? • Helium • Carbon • Gold • Uranium

25. Which of these elements has atoms of the greatest mass? • Helium • Carbon • Gold • Uranium

26. Which of these elements has atoms with the greatest number of electrons? • Helium • Carbon • Gold • Uranium

27. Which of these elements has atoms with the greatest number of electrons? • Helium • Carbon • Gold • Uranium

28. Molecules are composed of • atoms. • electrons and protons. • atomic nuclei and orbiting electrons. • particles larger than atoms.

29. Molecules are composed of • atoms. • electrons and protons. • atomic nuclei and orbiting electrons. • particles larger than atoms.

30. Atoms combine to form molecules by way of • nuclear forces. • electric repulsion. • shared or exchanged electrons. • neutron attractions.

31. Atoms combine to form molecules by way of • nuclear forces. • electric repulsion. • shared or exchanged electrons. • neutron attractions.

32. A compound is composed of different kinds of atoms • mixed together. • moving at the same average speed. • in definite proportions. • in the gaseous form.

33. A compound is composed of different kinds of atoms • mixed together. • moving at the same average speed. • in definite proportions. • in the gaseous form.

34. The atoms in isotopes of a particular element have different numbers of • electrons. • protons. • neutrons. • electric charges.

35. The atoms in isotopes of a particular element have different numbers of • electrons. • protons. • neutrons. • electric charges.

36. Isotopes of a given element differ in • atomic number. • mass number. • electron number. • their place in the periodic table.

37. Isotopes of a given element differ in • atomic number. • mass number. • electron number. • their place in the periodic table.

38. The shell model of the atom views electrons as occupying • shells. • three-dimensional orbitals. • circular or elliptical orbits. • standing waves.

39. The shell model of the atom views electrons as occupying • shells. • three-dimensional orbitals. • circular or elliptical orbits. • standing waves. Explanation: Straight-forward enough? Are you acquainted with friends who feel a straight answer can’t be the one to pick—that there’s always a trick? Ask with a straight face, “What really is 1 + 1.” Is there a long pause in answering?

40. If 1.0 gram of antimatter meets with 4.0 grams of matter, the energy released would correspond to the energy equivalent of • 1 gram. • 2 grams. • 4 grams. • much more than 4 grams.

41. If 1.0 gram of antimatter meets with 4.0 grams of matter, the energy released would correspond to the energy equivalent of • 1 gram. • 2 grams. • 4 grams. • much more than 4 grams.