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Comprehensive J2EE Application Design Course

Learn J2EE overview, design patterns, Servlets, JavaServer Pages, database access, state maintenance, and advanced techniques. Hands-on practices included.

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Comprehensive J2EE Application Design Course

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  1. Contents • Preface • 1 Introduction • Course Objectives 1-2 • Course Environment 1-4 • Course Overview 1-5 • About the Course Applications 1-8 • Order Entry Schema 1-9 • Human Resources (HR) Schema 1-10 • HR Application Flow Diagram 1-11 • Summary 1-12 • 2 J2EE OverviewObjectives • Objectives 2-2 • Java 2, Enterprise Edition Platform 2-3 • J2EE Platform 2-4 • Benefits of the J2EE Platform 2-5 • J2EE Components 2-7 • J2EE 1.3 Components 2-8 • J2EE Architecture 2-9 • Client-Tier Components 2-10 • J2EE Web-Tier Components 2-11 • What Is a Servlet? 2-13 • What Is a JavaServer Page (JSP)? 2-14 • Web-Tier Components: Summary 2-15 • Business-Tier Components 2-16 • Enterprise JavaBeans (EJB) 2-17 • J2EE Communication APIs 2-18 • J2EE Server 2-19 • Oracle Application Server 10g Containers for J2EE (OC4J) 2-21 • J2EE Applications 2-22 • Packaging J2EE Application Components 2-23 • JARs 2-24 • WARs 2-25 • EJB JARs 2-26 • EARs 2-27 • EAR File Structure for a J2EE Application: Example 2-28 • OC4J Architecture 2-29 • OC4J Server Configuration Files 2-30 • Relation of Configuration Files 2-31 • Data Sources 2-32 • Application Logging 2-33 • J2EE Application Deployment to • Oracle Application Server 10g 2-34 iii

  2. Oracle Enterprise Manager 2-35 • JDeveloper and J2EE 2-36 • Oracle JDeveloper 10g Environment 2-37 • Oracle JDeveloper 10g Visual Design Tools 2-38 • Summary 2-39 • Practice 2-1: Overview 2-40 • 3 Designing J2EE Applications • Objectives 3-2 • Realizing J2EE Benefits 3-3 • J2EE Issues 3-4 • J2EE Design Patterns 3-5 • Implementing Design Patterns by Using MVC 3-6 • The Model 3-7 • The View 3-8 • The Controller 3-9 • MVC in Oracle Application Server 10g Containers for J2EE 3-10 • Designing J2EE Applications 3-11 • Flow Diagram: Example 3-12 • Summary 3-13 • Practice 3-1: Overview 3-14 • 4 Creating the Web Tier: Servlets • Objectives 4-2 • Overview 4-3 • About Java Servlets 4-4 • Principal Features of Servlets 4-5 • Life Cycle of Servlets 4-6 • HTTP Servlets 4-7 • Inside an HTTP Servlet 4-8 • Servlet: Example 4-9 • The doGet() Method 4-10 • The doPost() Method 4-11 • The HttpServletRequest Object 4-12 • The HttpServletResponse Object 4-13 • Methods for Invoking Servlets 4-14 • Your First Servlet 4-15 • Handling Input: The Form 4-16 • Handling Input: The Servlet 4-17 • Initialization and Destruction 4-18 • Error Handling 4-19 • Debugging a Servlet 4-20 iv

  3. SingleThreadModel 4-21 • JDeveloper Environment 4-23 • Servlet Mapping 4-24 • Servlet Mapping in JDeveloper 4-25 • Invoking a Servlet 4-26 • Specifying J2EE Web Module Settings 4-27 • Creating a Connection to Oracle Application Server 10g 4-28 • Deploying to OC4J 4-29 • Summary 4-30 • Practices 4-1, 4-2, and 4-3: Overview 4-31 • 5 Accessing the Database with Servlets • Objectives 5-2 • Review of JDBC 5-3 • Querying in JDBC 5-4 • JDBC and Servlets 5-5 • Synchronizing Shared Resources 5-6 • Transaction Handling 5-7 • Connection Pooling 5-9 • Data Sources 5-10 • Data Source Definition 5-11 • data-sources.xml: Example 5-12 • Using Data Sources 5-13 • Summary 5-14 • Practice 5-1: Overview 5-15 • 6 Using Advanced Techniques in Servlets • Objectives 6-2 • Overview 6-3 • HTTP Headers 6-4 • Request Headers 6-5 • Sending a Response 6-6 • Response Headers 6-7 • Setting Status Codes 6-8 • Example 6-9 • Sending Multimedia Content 6-10 • Cookies 6-12 • Setting Cookies 6-13 • Retrieving Cookies 6-14 • About State Preservation 6-15 • State Preservation: Example 6-16 v

  4. ServletContext 6-17 • RequestDispatcher 6-18 • RequestDispatcher: Example 6-19 • Servlet Filters 6-20 • Using Filters 6-21 • doFilter() Method 6-22 • Using Filters 6-23 • Configuring Filters 6-24 • Application Lifecycle Events 6-25 • ServletContext Events 6-26 • HttpSession Events 6-27 • Example of an Event Listener 6-28 • Error Handling 6-29 • Summary 6-30 • Practices 6-1 and 6-2: Overview 6-31 • 7 Maintaining State in J2EE Applications • Objectives 7-2 • Overview 7-3 • Session Basics 7-4 • Threading 7-6 • URL Rewriting 7-7 • HttpSession 7-8 • Session Objects 7-9 • Session-Based Page Counter 7-10 • Session Life Cycle 7-11 • Session Tracking in OC4J 7-12 • Sessions and Events 7-13 • Creating Distributable Applications 7-17 • Summary 7-18 • Practice 7-1: Overview 7-19 vi

  5. 8 Creating the Web Tier: JavaServer Page • Objectives 8-2 • JavaServer Pages 8-3 • Comparing Servlets and JSPs 8-4 • Invoking JSPs 8-5 • The Date JSP 8-6 • The Date Servlet 8-7 • Automated JSP Features 8-8 • JSP Life Cycle 8-9 • Basic JSP Elements 8-10 • Declarations 8-11 • Expressions 8-12 • Scriptlets 8-13 • Implicit Objects 8-14 • Example 8-16 • Directives 8-18 • include: Example 8-19 • page Directive 8-20 • JSP and JavaBeans 8-22 • Using JavaBeans with JSP 8-23 • scope Attribute of <jsp:useBean> Tag 8-25 • Accessing and Setting Bean Property 8-26 • JSP XML Document 8-28 • Traditional Syntax Versus XML Syntax 8-29 • JDeveloper and JSPs 8-31 • Creating JSPs Visually 8-32 • JSP Tag Insight 8-33 • Summary 8-34 • Practices 8-1, 8-2, and 8-3: Overview 8-35 • 9 Modularizing JavaServer Pages Development with Tags • Objectives 9-2 • Custom Tags 9-3 • Custom Tag Library Components 9-4 • Tag Handler: Example 9-5 • Tag Library Descriptors 9-6 • Using a Custom Tag 9-7 • Tags with Attributes 9-8 • Creating a Custom Tag in JDeveloper 9-9 • Tag Libraries in JDeveloper 9-10 • Registering Tag Libraries 9-11 • Using Tag Insight 9-14 vii

  6. JSP Standard Tag Library (JSTL) 9-15 • Core Tag Library 9-16 • Utilizing Core Tags 9-18 • Expression Language 9-19 • Using Iteration Tags 9-20 • Using the URL Tags 9-21 • XML Tag Library 9-23 • SQL Tag Library 9-24 • Accessing a Database with SQL Tags 9-25 • Querying Using SQL Tags 9-26 • Inserting, Updating, and Deleting Data 9-27 • Formatting Tags 9-28 • Internationalization Concepts 9-29 • Internationalizing Strings 9-30 • Formatting Numbers and Dates 9-31 • Transforming XML Documents 9-34 • JSTL in JDeveloper 9-35 • Summary 9-36 • Practice 9-1: Overview 9-37 • Communicating in J2EE • Objectives 10-2 • Overview of RMI 10-3 • Role of RMI in J2EE 10-4 • Communication in a J2EE Environment 10-5 • How Clients Locate a Distributed Component 10-7 • Java Naming and Directory Interface (JNDI) 10-8 • J2EE Container and JNDI Interface 10-9 • Naming Service 10-10 • JNDI Terminology 10-11 • Main JNDI Class and Interface 10-12 • Accessing an Object in JNDI Namespace 10-13 • Getting the JNDI InitialContext 10-14 • Initial Context Factories 10-16 • lookup() Method 10-17 • Obtaining a Reference to a Local Resource 10-18 • Obtaining a Reference to a Remote Resource 10-19 • Setting JNDI Environment Properties 10-20 • Using RMI over HTTP Tunneling 10-24 • Using Environment References with JNDI 10-25 • Configuring Environment Variables 10-26 • Specifying an EJB Reference 10-28 viii

  7. Configuring EJB References 10-29 • Configuring Data Source References 10-31 • Summary 10-33 • Practice 10-1: Overview 10-34 • Creating the Business Tier: Enterprise JavaBeans • Objectives 11-2 • Enterprise JavaBeans (EJB) 11-3 • When to Use EJBs 11-4 • Types of EJBs 11-5 • Session Beans 11-7 • Entity Beans 11-9 • Message-Driven Beans 11-10 • EJB Architecture 11-11 • EJB Server 11-12 • EJB Container 11-13 • Services Provided by the EJB Container 11-14 • EJB Client 11-16 • EJB Interfaces and Classes 11-17 • Remote Interface and Remote Object 11-18 • Home Interface and Home Object 11-19 • Local Interface and Local Home Interface 11-20 • EJB Bean Class 11-21 • The EJB Deployment Process 11-22 • ejb-jar.xml File 11-23 • orion-ejb-jar.xml File 11-24 • Creating an EJB in JDeveloper 11-25 • Using the EJB Wizard 11-26 • Using the EJB Wizard 11-27 • Adding Methods to the Bean 11-28 • Deploying to Oracle Application Server 10g from JDeveloper 11-29 • Summary 11-30 • Practice 11-1: Overview 11-31 ix

  8. 12 Implementing Business Tasks with Session EJBs • Objectives 12-2 • Session Beans 12-3 • javax.ejb.SessionBean Interface 12-5 • Types of Session Beans 12-7 • When to Use Session Beans 12-9 • Life Cycle of a Stateless Session Bean 12-11 • Home Interface for Stateless Session Beans 12-12 • Remote Interface for Stateless Session Beans 12-14 • The Session Bean Class 12-15 • The Session Bean Class: Business Methods 12-17 • Bean Class for the Stateless Session Bean 12-18 • Deployment Descriptor 12-19 • Client Application 12-20 • Client Application for Stateless Session Beans 12-21 • Life Cycle of a Stateful Session Bean 12-25 • Home Interface for Stateful Session Bean 12-26 • Client Application for Stateful Session Bean 12-27 • Summary 12-28 • Practices 12-1 and 12-2: Overview 12-29 • Managing Persistent Data in the Business Tier • Objectives 13-2 • Entity Beans 13-3 • Representing Data in Entity Beans 13-5 • When to Use Entity Beans 13-6 • Callback Methods to Load and Store Data 13-7 • Session Beans Versus Entity Beans 13-9 • Types of Entity Beans 13-11 • BMP Beans Versus CMP Beans 13-12 • Components of an Entity Bean 13-14 • Creating, Removing, Finding, and Selecting Entity Beans 13-15 • Home Interface of an Entity Bean 13-17 • Creating a Bean Instance 13-18 • Finding an Entity Bean Instance 13-20 • Removing an Entity Bean 13-22 • Home Methods of Entity Beans 13-23 • Component Interfaces of an Entity Bean 13-24 • Primary Key Class of an Entity Bean 13-25 • Bean Class of an Entity Bean 13-26 • javax.ejb.EntityBean Interface 13-28 • Life Cycle of an Entity Bean 13-30 x

  9. Deployment Descriptor 13-32 • Summary 13-35 • Practice 13-1: Overview 13-36 • Achieving State Management in the Business Tier • Objectives 14-2 • Features of BMP Entity Beans 14-3 • Developing a BMP Entity Bean 14-4 • Features of CMP Entity Beans 14-5 • Implementing Methods in CMP Beans and BMP Beans 14-7 • Developing a CMP Entity Bean 14-9 • CMP Bean: Example 14-10 • Bean Class of a CMP EJB: CMP Fields 14-11 • Remote Interface: Departments 14-12 • Home Interface: DepartmentsHome 14-13 • Bean Class: DepartmentsBean 14-14 • Deployment Descriptor ejb-jar.xml 14-17 • Mapping CMP Fields to Database Table Columns 14-21 • Default Mapping of CMP Fields to Database Table Columns 14-22 • Explicit Mapping of CMP Fields to Database Table Columns 14-23 • Client for Departments Bean 14-25 • Summary 14-28 • Practice 14-1: Overview 14-29 • Container-Managed Relationships (CMRs) • Objectives 15-2 • Relationships 15-3 • Implementing Relationships 15-4 • Cardinality and Direction of Relationships 15-5 • One-to-One Relationships 15-7 • One-to-Many Relationships 15-8 • Many-to-Many Relationships 15-9 • Oracle TopLink 15-10 • TopLink: Integration of J2EE Applications with Data Sources at Run Time 15-11 • TopLink: Integrated with Oracle JDeveloper 10g 15-12 • Implementing Relationships 15-13 • Defining Abstract Accessor Methods 15-14 • Accessor Methods in 1:1 Relationships 15-15 • Accessor Methods in 1:M Relationships 15-16 • Checking Relationship Mappings in JDeveloper 15-17 • Accessor Methods in M:N Relationships 15-18 xi

  10. Implementing a Relationship in the Deployment Descriptor 15-19 • Implementing 1:1 Relationships 15-21 • Implementing 1:M Relationships 15-23 • Implementing M:N Relationships 15-25 • Mapping Relationship Fields to Database 15-27 • Default Mapping of Relationship Fields 15-28 • Explicit Mapping of Relationship Fields 15-30 • Using JDeveloper to Create CMR Beans 15-31 • Summary 15-32 • Practice 15: Overview • Developing Message-Driven Beans • Objectives 16-2 • Overview of Messaging Systems 16-3 • Types of Message Consumption 16-4 • Java Message Service (JMS) 16-6 • JMS Application Architecture 16-7 • Point-to-Point Model 16-8 • Publish-and-Subscribe Model 16-9 • Using JMS Interfaces 16-10 • JMS Message Structure 16-12 • Sending a Message to a Queue 16-13 • Receiving Messages 16-15 • Asynchronous Message Delivery 16-16 • Message-Driven Beans 16-17 • MDB Architecture 16-18 • Associating JMS Resources with an MDB 16-19 • State Diagram of an MDB 16-20 • Developing MDBs 16-22 • Interfaces to Be Implemented for MDBs 16-23 • Implementing an MDB Class 16-24 • Receiving Messages in an MDB Class 16-25 • Creating the Deployment Descriptor 16-26 • ejb-jar.xml: Example 16-28 • Mapping in OC4J-Specific Deployment Descriptor 16-29 • orion-ejb-jar.xml: Example 16-30 • Creating an MDB with JDeveloper 16-31 • Testing the MDB 16-34 • Summary 16-35 xii

  11. 17 Integrating J2EE Components • Objectives 17-2 • Overview 17-3 • Creating Remote Clients for EJBs 17-4 • Importing the EJB Home Interface 17-5 • Create a Reference to the EJB 17-6 • Passing Arguments to the EJB Method 17-7 • Creating an EJB Reference 17-8 • Creating Local Clients for EJBs 17-9 • ejb-local-ref Element 17-10 • EJB Tags 17-11 • useHome Tag 17-12 • useBean Tag 17-13 • createBean Tag 17-14 • iterate Tag 17-15 • Using the EJB Tags 17-16 • Deploying an Application: Web Tier 17-17 • Deploying an Application: EJB Tier 17-18 • Deploying an Application: EAR File 17-19 • Deploying from Oracle Enterprise Manager 17-20 • Summary 17-21 • Practice 17-1 and 17-2: Overview 17-22 • 18 Distributing Modular Applications: Introduction to Web Services • Objectives 18-2 • What Is a Web Service? 18-3 • Web Service 18-4 • Service-Oriented Architecture 18-6 • Web Services Constituents 18-7 • Benefits of Web Services 18-9 • Web Services Model 18-11 • RPC-Style Web Services 18-12 • Document-Style Web Services 18-13 • Oracle Support for Web Services 18-14 • SOAP: XML Messaging for Web Services 18-15 • Communication with SOAP 18-16 • SOAP Messages 18-17 • Web Services Description Language (WSDL) 18-19 • WSDL 18-20 • UDDI Registry 18-22 • How UDDI Is Used 18-24 • Searching for a Web Service by Using UDDI 18-25 xiii

  12. UDDI Specification 18-26 • tModel 18-27 • UDDI Support in Oracle JDeveloper 10g 18-31 • UDDI Browsing with Oracle JDeveloper 10g 18-32 • UDDI Publishing and Browsing with Oracle Enterprise Manager 18-33 • Summary 18-34 • Practice 18-1: Overview • Distributing Modular Applications: Developing Web Services • Objectives 19-2 • Oracle Application Server 10g Web Services 19-3 • Developing a Web Service with a Stateless Java Class 19-4 • Defining an Interface 19-5 • Defining a Stateless Java Class 19-7 • Creating the Web Service 19-10 • Creating the Client Application 19-11 • Deploying the Web Service 19-13 • Testing the Web Service 19-14 • Web Service Home Page 19-15 • Testing the Deployed Web Service with Home Page 19-16 • Testing the sayHello Operation 19-17 • Serializing and Encoding Parameters and Results 19-19 • Developing a Stored Procedure Web Service 19-20 • Generating Wrapper Classes Using JPublisher 19-21 • Exposing a Function as a Web Service by Using Oracle JDeveloper 10g 19-22 • Publishing the Package as a Web Service 19-23 • JMS Web Services 19-24 • Summary 19-26 • Practice 19-1: Overview • Implementing Security in J2EE Applications • Objectives 20-2 • Goals of J2EE Security Architecture 20-3 • Overview of J2EE Security Architecture 20-4 • Java Authentication and Authorization Service (JAAS) 20-5 • Authorization of a Client 20-8 • JAAS Provider Types in OC4J 20-9 • Configuring Security 20-10 • Defining the Users, Groups, and Roles 20-11 • Managing Users and Groups with the JAZN Admintool 20-13 • Defining the Logical Roles 20-15 xiv

  13. Defining and Using Logical Roles in Web Applications (web.xml) 20-16 • Defining and Using Logical Roles in EJBs (ejb-jar.xml) 20-18 • Mapping Logical Roles to Users and Groups 20-19 • Programmatic Access to a Caller’s Security Context 20-20 • Client Authentication 20-21 • EJB Client Authentication with the jndi.properties file 20-22 • EJB Client Authentication with a Hashtable 20-23 • Setting Access Control with JDeveloper 20-24 • Creating Web Application Security Roles 20-25 • Web Application Login Authentication 20-26 • Web Application Authorization 20-27 • Creating EJB Security Roles 20-28 • Setting Method Permissions 20-29 • Method Access in EJB Deployment Descriptors 20-30 • Creating a Mapping for the Logical Roles 20-31 • Mapping JAZN Identities to a Logical Role 20-32 • Mapping Results in orion-ejb-jar.xml 20-34 • Accessing the EJB with New Permissions 20-35 • Summary 20-36 • Practice 20-1: Overview 20-37 • Oracle Application Server 10g Transaction Support • Objectives 21-2 • What Is a Transaction? 21-3 • Enterprise JavaBeans (EJB) Support for Transactions 21-4 • EJB Transaction Model 21-5 • Demarcating Transactions 21-6 • Container-Managed Transactions 21-7 • CMT: Transaction Attributes 21-8 • Transaction Attribute: NotSupported 21-10 • Transaction Attribute: Required 21-11 • Transaction Attribute: Supports 21-12 • Transaction Attribute: RequiresNew 21-13 • Transaction Attribute: Mandatory 21-14 • Transaction Attribute: Never 21-15 • CMT: The setRollbackOnly() Method 21-16 • JDeveloper: Setting Transaction Attributes 21-17 • Java Transaction API (JTA) 21-19 • JTA: The UserTransaction Interface 21-20 • Bean-Managed Transactions Demarcation 21-21 • BMT Demarcation: Process 21-22 • Using UserTransaction Support in EJBs 21-23 • Client-Demarcated Transactions Using UserTransaction 21-24 • BMT Demarcation: Restrictions 21-25 xv

  14. Local and Global Transactions 21-26 • Single-Phase Commit 21-27 • Data Source Revisited 21-28 • Default data-sources.xml 21-29 • Emulated Versus Nonemulated Data Sources 21-30 • Retrieve Connection to Data Source 21-31 • Global Transaction Resource Request Flow 21-33 • Resource Request Flow 21-34 • Enlisting Database Resources 21-36 • Summary 21-38 • A Practice Solutions • B Schema Descriptions • C Oracle JDeveloper 10g Quick Reference • D BMP Entity EJBs J2EE Connector Architecture xvi

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