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News and journalism 4 april

COMP 381. News and journalism 4 april. Topics. How people get the news What is a journalist? Digital manipulation. How People Get the News. Info in America 2008. Percentage of Americans who use Internet for… socializing 80% medical information 60% financial decisions 50%

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News and journalism 4 april

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  1. COMP 381 News and journalism4 april

  2. Topics • How people get the news • What is a journalist? • Digital manipulation

  3. How People Get the News

  4. Info in America 2008 • Percentage of Americans who use Internet for… socializing 80% medical information 60% financial decisions 50% news 40% • Average American: 34 GB data per day ¼ Computer; ½ TV; ¼ other on computer, video 75% (time)

  5. Produce Faster than Process One weekday edition of New York Times MORE INFORMATION than 17th-century Englander learned in a lifetime!

  6. Television Sound Bites • 1995 8.3 sec • 1965 42.3 sec • Are we REALLY better informed?

  7. Scientific Information Publications (logarithmic scale!)

  8. Multiple Platforms are the Norm Nine in ten American adults (92%) get news/info from multiple platforms on a typical day For six in ten American adults (59%), one of those platforms is the internet *Platforms include print newspapers, television, radio and the internet Based on Jan 2010 Pew Internet Survey

  9. Who Gets Their News Online? 71% of American adults ever get news or information online The majority of ONC are under age 50 Almost a third are under age 30 The median age of ONC is 40 • Compared to other adults, ONC are… • more educated • more affluent • disproportionately white and Hispanic • more likely to have broadband Based on Jan 2010 Pew Internet Survey

  10. Most Popular Online Sources for News and Information % of ONC Who Use Each Type of Site on a Typical Day Based on Jan 2010 Pew Internet Survey

  11. Most Popular Online News Topics % of Online Adults Who Get News/Information Online About Each Topic Based on Jan 2010 Pew Internet Survey

  12. Overall Coverage 51% of U.S. adults say there is currently enough coverage of religion and spirituality 41% would like more coverage of religion The only topic that more people want improved coverage of is scientific news and discoveries

  13. Most Popular Features of Online News Sites The most popular features allow people to interact with, share, and customize their news. This is especially true for young adults. % of ONC Who Say Each Feature is Important Based on Jan 2010 Pew Internet Survey

  14. Most People Get News from Multiple Sites How many websites, if any, do you routinely rely on for news and information? Do you have a favorite online news source, or do you not have a favorite? Based on Jan 2010 Pew Internet Survey

  15. Most People Get News from Multiple Sites How many websites, if any, do you routinely rely on for news and information? Do you have a favorite online news source, or do you not have a favorite? Only 7% of all people who get news online have a favorite online news source they would be willing to pay for Based on Jan 2010 Pew Internet Survey

  16. Four Styles of Online News Consumption Efficient Grazers Most use multiple sites, and portals rank high as a favorite online news feature Hunters and Gatherers 71% go online specifically to get news/information at least a few times a week Serendipitous News Discoverers 80% come across news/information at least a few times a week while they are online doing other things News/Info Receivers 44% get news forwarded to them through email, automatic updates and alerts, or posts on social networking sites at least a few times a week Based on Jan 2010 Pew Internet Survey

  17. Who is a Journalist?

  18. Questions • Who are (and are not) journalists? • Transparency and bias

  19. Blogosphere Statistics • In 2008, 184 million new blogs (26.4 U.S.) • > 50% gone in 1 month • 1.3 billion links • 1 million daily posts • 364 million people read blogs (>100 U.S.) • 95% top newspapers have reporter blogs • Miniblogs • Technorati

  20. History of Blogs • First there were bulletin boards (Usenet) • First diarist • 1994: Justin Hall, student at Swarthmore College • Name • 1997 Jorn Barger weblog • 1999 Peter Merholz blogs • Popularity based on tools • Early blogs HTML, webmaster • 1999 tools and hosting sites

  21. Professional v. Personal Blog • “Professional” • Citizen Journalism • News extension • NY Times • Business? • Personal • Celebrities

  22. Bloggers vs. Journalists • Blogging • “People who have an opinion, a modem, and a bathrobe“ Brian Williams, NBC news anchor • Independent • No regulation • Code of conduct • Credibility and trust • Journalism • News medium • Laws and standards

  23. Code of Conduct • Honesty and transparency • Avoid plagiarizing and inaccuracies • Sources • Harm minimization • Respect for individuals • Accountability • Admit mistakes • Intent and disclosures • Ethical responsibility

  24. Considerations • Freedom of speech • Cahill vs. Doe • Risks • Confrontation • Imprisonment • Credibility • Personal, not institutional • Earned, not given

  25. Jayson Blair Dan Rather

  26. Wikipedia • Not about lying, but transparency • Who are you? • What is your agenda? • Are you paid by someone? • When you go to a good website, you know who they are and what they care about

  27. Wikileaks (as publishers) • Journalists? • What is the definition? • What are the responsibilities?

  28. Digital Manipulation

  29. Photo Manipulation NOT New • Long history • Used to be … harder easier to detect

  30. Vanity

  31. Political Benefit

  32. Today • Availability • Detection • Content, not technique • Examples • Shadows • Bad editing • Size • Angles

  33. Opinion Making

  34. John Kerry - Peace Rally, Mineola, NY (June 1971) Jane Fonda - Political Rally, Miami Beach, FL (August 1972)

  35. Dramatic Effect

  36. Technical Limitations

  37. Skewed perception • Self-image

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