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Nutrients. Why monitor nutrients? Plant and algae growth Carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, oxygen, silica, magnesium, potassium, calcium, iron, zinc, and copper Health concerns Reproductive problems Methemoglobinemia in infants. Nutrients. Eutrophication
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Nutrients • Why monitor nutrients? • Plant and algae growth • Carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, oxygen, silica, magnesium, potassium, calcium, iron, zinc, and copper • Health concerns • Reproductive problems • Methemoglobinemia in infants
Nutrients • Eutrophication • High nutrient concentrations stimulate excessive algal blooms
Nutrients • Phytoplankton blooms • Could cause decrease of SAV • Harmful • Hypoxic • Anoxic
Nutrient Sources • Natural Sources • Freshwater running over geologic formations • Decomposing organic matter • Extraction from the atmosphere
Nutrient Sources • Anthropogenic Sources • Atmospheric deposition • Surface water • Groundwater
Nutrient Levels • Water & Wastewater samples • Milligrams per liter • mg/L • Micrograms per liter • μg/L • Air, soils, sludges, & semisolids • Parts per million • ppm • Parts per billion • ppb
Nutrient Levels • Safe Water Drinking Act • Passed in 1974 • Maximum Contaminant Levels • National Primary Drinking Water Regulations
The Different Forms of Nutrients • Determined by environmental conditions • Nitrogen: • Nitrate NO3- • Nitrite NO2- • NO • NO2 • Ammonium NH4+ • Ammonia NH3 • Urea Organic form NOx