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Demonstrating protein synthesis

Demonstrating protein synthesis. By Amy turner. DNA. A gene on the DNA strand provides the information required to make the polypeptide in the form of a designated sequence of bases. DNA.

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Demonstrating protein synthesis

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  1. Demonstrating protein synthesis By Amy turner

  2. DNA A gene on the DNA strand provides the information required to make the polypeptide in the form of a designated sequence of bases.

  3. DNA • Each nucleotide contains a sugar (milk bottle), a phosphate (raspberry), and a base (yellow, purple, blue and green jellybean). • There are four bases: • Adenine represented by purple jellybeans. • Thyminerepresented by yellow jellybeans • Cytosinerepresented by blue jellybeans • Guanine represented by green jellybeans. • Alternate sugar and phosphates form the sides with bases connected to the sugars making “rungs” like a ladder. • The chemical structure of the bases allow them each to pair up with only one other base eg: AT and CG

  4. The start codon (AUG) and a stop codon control the length of the mRNA strand.

  5. After the whole gene has been copied, the mRNA strand is modified so that it consists only of the base sequence that will code for the protein. Each type of amino acid is attached to its specific tRNA.

  6. The start codon (AUG) end of the mRNA strand binds onto a ribosome. A tRNA carrying the amino acid methionine and anticodon (UAC) binds to the mRNA start codon within the ribosome. A second tRNA binds to the next codon. Its amino acid links with a polypeptide bond to the first amino acid.

  7. The first tRNA is released from the ribosome. The ribosome moves along the mRNA strand one codon at a time. Two tRNAs at a time are temporarily bound within the ribosome and their amino acids linked together. A polypeptide chain forms.

  8. When a stop codon is reached the polypeptide chain is released into the cytoplasm. The chain folds on itself and may join other polypeptides to form a protein. Its specific shape is vital for its particular function.

  9. Thanks for watching

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