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World War II

World War II. 1939-1945. By Sam Irving. Hitler on the Offensive. BIG Idea: Hitler’s desire for lebensraum , or living space, for Germans led to war in Europe. Acts of Aggression. Broke the Versailles Treaty Increased the military beyond the limits of the treaty.

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World War II

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  1. World War II 1939-1945 By Sam Irving

  2. Hitler on the Offensive • BIG Idea: Hitler’s desire for lebensraum, or living space, for Germans led to war in Europe.

  3. Acts of Aggression • Broke the Versailles Treaty • Increased the military beyond the limits of the treaty. • Occupied the demilitarized Rhineland, a German area on the French border. • Guessed correctly that France and Britain would do nothing.

  4. The Rhineland

  5. Anschluss (Joining): sent troops into ethnically-German Austria & proclaimed it part of the Reich in March 1938. • Demanded the Sudetenland, an ethnically-German part of Czechoslovakia.

  6. Czechoslovakian Sudetenland (Shown in white).

  7. Appeasement: France and Britain gave in to Hitler’s territorial demands to maintain peace. • Munich Conference (1938) gave Hitler the Sudetenland. • Takes the rest of Czechoslovakia a ½ year later.

  8. Neville Chamberlain (left), Edouard Daladier, Adolf Hitler, and Benito Mussolini prior to signing the Munich Agreement.

  9. What’s this political cartoon conveying?

  10. Nazi-Soviet Nonaggression Pact 1939 • Stalin & Hitler pledged neutrality • Secretly carved-up Eastern Europe • Hitler invades Poland in 1939. • Soviets occupied eastern Poland. • Britain & France declare war.

  11. Major Combatants • Allies: Britain, France, U.S., & Soviet Union • Axis: Germany, Italy, & Japan.

  12. Assignment: Appeasement Blog Debate • ELT: Analyze cause and effect relationships using historical information that is organized chronologically. • Let’s debate how we deal with belligerent nations today.

  13. What’s this map showing?

  14. War in Europe • BIG Idea: Germans used blitzkrieg, or “lightning war,” a strategy of taking the enemy by surprise, to conquer all of Western Europe in months. • British evacuation at Dunkirk

  15. Whose left fighting the Nazis?

  16. Bombing of Civilians • Bombing of Britain • Germans bombed London for 57 consecutive nights. • British endured and blocked Hitler’s invasion. • U.S. aids Britain • General desire for isolation and neutrality after WWI. • Lend-Lease Act (1940): allowed F.D.R. to lend war equipment to Britain.

  17. London 1940

  18. Allies fire-bombed German cities. • 100,000 civilian casualties in Dresden.

  19. Hitler v. Stalin • Hitler invades the Soviet Union in 1941. • Stalingrad: Soviets refuse to surrender, winter sets in, and Nazis retreat. • Sound familiar? • Eastern Front marked by atrocities on both sides. • Nazis viewed eastern Europeans as sub-human.

  20. Assignment:War in Europe Guided Reading • ELT:Analyze the impact of major wars on the modern world. • Let’s take a closer look at WWII in Europe.

  21. The Holocaust

  22. Beginnings • Forced to wear the Star of David, an ancient Jewish symbol. • Forced to live in crowded, unsanitary ghettos. • Ex. Warsaw, Poland • Deliberate starvation

  23. Warsaw Ghetto Uprising of 1943

  24. Killing Squads (Einsatzgruppen) • S.S. groups who moved with the regular German army in the east. • Shot over 1 million Jews and buried them in mass graves.

  25. Ivangorod, Ukraine 1942

  26. What’s this?

  27. The Final Solution (Summer 1942) • Sent to death camps in the east. • Ex. Auschwitz, Poland • Gas Chambers • Starved or worked to death • Victims of cruel experiments • 6 million Jews and 6 million Slavs and “undesirables” were murdered.

  28. Gates at Auschwitz

  29. A Gas Chamber at Auschwitz

  30. Assignment • Essential Learning Target: Give examples of how philosophical beliefs have influenced society. • How did Nazi racism lead to atrocities on the Eastern front? • Primary Source Reading: Rena’s Promise: A Story of Sisters in Auschwitz • Read and answer questions 1-5.

  31. Allied Victory in Europe • BIG Idea: Once Allied and Soviet forces defeated Germany in 1945, mistrust and tension between the two victors divided Europe.

  32. D-Day

  33. D-Day • June 6th, 1944: Amphibious invasion of Nazi-held France by Allied forces.

  34. Victory • American and Soviet troops met on the Elbe river, completely occupying Germany. • German unconditional surrender on May 7th 1945.

  35. What did they do to Germany?

  36. The Yalta Conference 1945 • Divided Germany, and Berlin, into 4 zones occupied by Britain, France, the U.S., and the Soviet Union. • United Nations formed.

  37. Europe Divided • Roosevelt encouraged capitalist, democratic states in Western Europe. • Stalin kept control of Soviet-occupied Eastern Europe. • “An iron curtain descended across the continent.” • Winston Churchill

  38. Assignment • ELT: Analyze the impact of major wars on the modern world. • “The Cost of War” Pie Chart Analysis • Let’s consider the human cost of WWII.

  39. War in the Pacific Why was the West upset with Japan?

  40. Causes • Japan acquired European and U.S. colonies in Indo-China. • Attempted to create “The Greater East-Asia Co-prosperity Sphere” (a Japanese Empire ruling all of Asia) • U.S. sanctioned the sale of oil & steel to Japan. • Japan joins the Axis in 1940.

  41. Pearl Harbor (Dec. 7, 1941) • 2,400 dead • 19 ships & 188 airplanes destroyed • Aircraft carriers & ½ the U.S. planes were at sea during the attack. • U.S. was now officially at war with the Axis powers.

  42. Japanese Internment in the U.S. • 110,000 Japanese-Americans forced into internment camps. • Loss of dignity, family, and property.

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