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SPACE MISSION | STATE BOARD 10th STANDARD | ENGLISH

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SPACE MISSION | STATE BOARD 10th STANDARD | ENGLISH

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  1. Space mission

  2. Why do you want to go in space ? • To explore universe • To see Earth • To examine various heavenly bodies • To see extra terrestrial life

  3. What is a space mission ? A journey, by a manned or unmanned vehicle, into space for a specific reason

  4. Types of space mission • Satellite around the Earth • Spacecraft away from the Earth

  5. Need and importance of space missions • Communication • Entertainment • Observation • Surveillance

  6. History of manned missions • Yuri Gagarin (USSR,1961) • Neil Armstrong (USA, 1969) • Rakesh Sharma (India, 1984) • KalpanaChawla (USA, 1997) • Sunita Williams (USA)

  7. Telescopes in space

  8. satellite • A natural satellite is an astronomical object orbiting the earth or any other planet. • if a manmade object revolves around the earth or any other planet in a fixed orbit it is called an artificial satellite

  9. Artificial satellite • More than 1000 satellites are in space • Work on solar energy • Various instruments on board

  10. TYPES OF SATELLITES • Weather satellite (INSAT and GSAT) • Communication satellite (INSAT and GSAT) • Broadcast satellite (INSAT and GSAT) • Navigational satellite (IRNSS) • Military Satellite (GSAT) • Earth Observation Satellite (IRS)

  11. Orbits of satellites • Lower Earth orbit (180-2000km. Satellites for scientific experiments. ISS and Hubble) • Medium Earth orbit (2000-35780km. Elliptical orbits around Earth, including polar regions. GPS) • Higher Earth Orbit (35780- beyond. GSATs are placed in this orbit. Observation is main goal)

  12. Satellite launch vehicles (slv) • Satellite launch vehicles are used, to place the satellites in their specific orbits. • Works on Newton's third law of motion. • Uses special type of fuel. • Type is decided by pay load and orbit. • Every vehicle has stages.

  13. pslv • Lift off mass 1750 kg • Used of satellites in polar orbits (600-900 km) • 1400 kg for Geosynchronous orbit • 4 stages (1,3 Solid fuel – 2,4 liquid fuel)

  14. Gslv MK 1 & 2 • 2500 Kg to Geosynchronous Orbit • 5000 Kg to LEO • 3 stages (Solid, Liquid & Cryogenic Engine)

  15. Gslvmk 3 • 4000 Kg to Geosynchronous Orbit • 8000 Kg to LEO • 3 stages (Solid, Liquid & Cryogenic Engine)

  16. Space shuttle

  17. Space missions away from earth • Some space missions are aimed for gaining further knowledge • In this space crafts are sent away from earth to heavenly bodies. • For such missions, the spacecrafts must escape the earth’s gravitational force to travel into the outer space. • To achieve this, the initial velocity of the moving object must be greater than the escape velocity of the earth

  18. Moon mission • Luna 2 (USSR, 1959) • Till 1975, 15 space crafts made chemical analysis of the moon and also measured its gravity, density and radiations • Neil Armstrong landed on July, 1969 • Chandrayaan 1 by ISRO (2008) • The most important discovery made during the mission was the presence of water on the moon surface. • India was the first country to discover this.

  19. Mars mission • Mars mission is difficult and almost half the missions were unsuccessful • USA failed in many attempts • ISRO did it in first attempt (Mangalyaan)

  20. Missions to other planets • Many missions to study other planets have been executed • Comets and asteroids are also studied • Collected samples and from different heavenly bodies

  21. Space debris and it’s management

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