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The Nuts and Bolts of the Chinese Political System

The Nuts and Bolts of the Chinese Political System. Bruce Dickson George Washington University. The Chinese Communist Party. The Chinese Communist Party. 78 million members About 6% of population. The Chinese Communist Party. 78 million members About 6% of population

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The Nuts and Bolts of the Chinese Political System

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  1. The Nuts and Bolts of the Chinese Political System Bruce DicksonGeorge Washington University

  2. The Chinese Communist Party

  3. The Chinese Communist Party • 78 million members • About 6% of population

  4. The Chinese Communist Party • 78 million members • About 6% of population • Criteria for recruitment • Education • Age • Gender • Urban bias

  5. The Chinese Communist Party • 78 million members • About 6% of population • Criteria for recruitment • Education • Age • Gender • Urban bias • Most key positions held by CCP members

  6. National Party Congress (> 2000) Central Party Institutions

  7. Central Committee (200) National Party Congress (> 2000) Central Party Institutions

  8. Politburo (25) Central Committee (200) National Party Congress (> 2000) Central Party Institutions

  9. Politburo Standing Committee (9) Politburo (25) Central Committee (200) National Party Congress (> 2000) Central Party Institutions

  10. General Secretary Politburo Standing Committee (9) Politburo (25) Central Committee (200) National Party Congress (> 2000) Central Party Institutions

  11. CCP General Secretary HU Jintao

  12. Political “Generations” in China Mao Zedong Deng Xiaoping Jiang Zemin

  13. Fourth Generation Hu Jintao and Wen Jiabao

  14. Fifth Generation Xi Jinping and Li Keqiang

  15. CCP General Secretary National People’s Congress Standing Committee Politburo Central Committee Prime Minister State Council Chinese Political System

  16. Chinese legislators at work

  17. Chinese legislators at work

  18. Chinese legislators at work

  19. CCP General Secretary National People’s Congress Standing Committee Politburo Central Committee Prime Minister State Council Chinese Political System

  20. Prime Minister WEN Jiabao

  21. CCP General Secretary National People’s Congress Standing Committee Politburo Central Committee Prime Minister State Council Provincial People’s Congresses Provincial Party Committees Provincial Governments Local People’s Congresses Local Party Committees Local Governments Chinese Political System

  22. CCP General Secretary President National People’s Congress Standing Committee Politburo Central Committee Prime Minister State Council Provincial People’s Congresses Provincial Party Committees Provincial Governments Local People’s Congresses Local Party Committees Local Governments Chinese Political System

  23. CCP’s bid for legitimacy • “Performance Legitimacy” • Growth

  24. China’s Economic Growth, 1980-2009 % Growth PerCapita GDP Per Capita GDP

  25. CCP’s bid for legitimacy • “Performance Legitimacy” • Growth • Nationalism • Pride in economic accomplishments and growing role in international community • Preserve national unity • “Century of humiliation”

  26. CCP’s bid for legitimacy • “Performance Legitimacy” • Growth • Nationalism • Maintain political order • Traditional concern for stability • Rising protests around country

  27. Challenges to CCP’s legitimacy • Economic • Inequality • Corruption • Pollution • Rising aspirations? • Nationalism • Both elite driven and popular nationalism • Order • Most protests are direct if unintended consequence of pro-growth policies • How to balance growth and stability?

  28. CCP’s Strategy for Survival • Coercion • A hallmark of any authoritarian regime • But costly

  29. CCP’s Strategy for Survival • Coercion • Co-optation • Potential threats • New talent needed for policy goals • Chinese universities are now main recruitment areas for CCP • “Three Represents”

  30. CCP’s Strategy for Survival • Coercion • Co-optation • Limit the flow of information • Media • Internet • Prevent their use for political purposes, but make them available for leisure and especially economic purposes

  31. CCP’s Strategy for Survival • Coercion • Co-optation • Limit the flow of information • Raise the cost of collective action • CCP monopoly on political organization • Protests are local, material demands

  32. Prospects for change • Despite the many problems linked to economic development, CCP remains popular • Most Chinese optimistic about future • No viable alternative • Will change come from within the party or from society?

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