1 / 11

Absolute Monarchs

Absolute Monarchs. Divine Right and the Rise of Absolutism. Definitions and Impact. Absolutism - when a ruler reigns with complete authority and power Divine right - kings received the right to rule from God

sidone
Download Presentation

Absolute Monarchs

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Absolute Monarchs Divine Right and the Rise of Absolutism

  2. Definitions and Impact • Absolutism- when a ruler reigns with complete authority and power • Divine right- kings received the right to rule from God • 7 Years War- war fought between absolutist European nations and their colonies around the war; struggling for power and territory; no land changes actually occurred • Absolutism resulted in unhappiness among the people, who felt oppressed. This led to many revolutions that eventually overthrew the absolute monarchs and led to ideas like democracies, republics, and equal rights.

  3. Louis XIII (France) • Ruled 1610-1643 • Became king after Henry IV was stabbed for issuing the Edict of Nantes • Ensured religious toleration for Protestants (Huguenots) • Louis appointed Cardinal Richelieu to help him rule • Increased power of monarchy by weakening Huguenots and noble class

  4. Louis XIV (France) • Ruled 1643-1715 • “L’etat, c’estmoi” – “I am the state.” • Thirty Years War increased France’s power • Increased power of government agents called intendants in order to weaken nobles • Fought numerous wars that weakened France • Built Versailles- became the royal residence • Great patron of the arts http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=852eroBwDrA

  5. Phillip II (Spain) • Ruled 1580-1598 • Obtained gold and silver for Spain • Fought with the Ottomans; wanted to spread Catholicism • Tried to attack England with the Spanish Armada in 1588; failed • Taxed people to pay for war debt • Golden age of art/literature • 1579- The Netherlands declare independence from Spain

  6. Elizabeth I (England) • Ruled 1558-1603 • Restored Protestant religion to England • Defeated Spanish Armada in 1588 • Great patron of the arts (Shakespeare) • Encouraged exploration • Virginia is named for her (Virgin Queen) http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ydyZ10k8VsA

  7. Maria Theresa (Austria) • Ruled 1740-1780 • Mother of Marie Antoinette • Decreased power of nobility; concerned with the welfare of peasants • Great enemy = Prussia • Frederick II tried to take her lands in the War of Austrian Succession • Allies with France; participated in the 7 Years War against Prussia http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=j0qbzNHmfW0

  8. Frederick II (Prussia) • Ruled 1740-1786 • Known as Frederick the Great • Loved the arts • Encouraged religious toleration • Took Silesia from Maria Theresa in 1748 • Allied with Britain; participated in the 7 Years War • Junkers (nobility) • Originally clashed with king • Compromise- Junkers had exclusive right to be officers in the army • Result- Prussia becomes a very militant society

  9. Ivan IV (Russia) • Ruled 1533-1584 • Nicknamed “Ivan the Terrible” • Took title “czar,” which means “caesar.” • After his wife died in 1560, Ivan started ruling with brutality • Executed many boyars (landowning nobles) using secret police • Killed his oldest son/heir

  10. Peter I (Russia) • Ruled 1696-1725 • Known as Peter the Great • Journeyed to western Europe to obtain warm-water port • Goal was to “westernize” Russia • Many reforms: became head of Russian Orthodox church, reduced power of landowners, modernized army • Increased status of women • Forced people to wear westernized clothing • Introduced potatoes, started a newspaper, increased the status of women • Moved capital west to St. Petersburg

  11. Catherine II (Russia) • Ruled 1762-1796 • Known as Catherine the Great • Embraced Enlightenment ideas • Religious toleration • Abolishing torture • Favored an end to serfdom until a serf uprising occurred in 1773 • Gained control of the Black Sea and expanded westward

More Related