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Ionotropic receptors form a pore

unbound, closed. bound, open. Ionotropic receptors form a pore. unbound unactivated. bound activated. Metabotropic receptors are activated. no pore!. AMPA receptor activation alone. Mg ++ block intact rapid, brief, and small EPSP (Na + ). NMDA receptor activation alone.

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Ionotropic receptors form a pore

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  1. unbound, closed bound, open Ionotropic receptors form a pore

  2. unbound unactivated bound activated Metabotropic receptors are activated no pore!

  3. AMPA receptor activation alone Mg++ block intact rapid, brief, and small EPSP (Na +)

  4. NMDA receptor activation alone Mg++ block intact no electrical effect

  5. CoincidentAMPA & NMDA receptor activation Mg++ block relieved large EPSP (Na +, Ca ++); Ca++ release from internal stores

  6. Neuromuscular junction

  7. Stained acetylcholine receptors

  8. The GABAA receptor

  9. Metabotropic receptor amplification

  10. Dark current

  11. Light turns off the dark current

  12. Glaucoma • Loss of peripheral vision typically associated with elevated ocular pressure due to insufficient drainage • Treatment is aimed at either increasing drainage or decreasing aqueous humour production (even though excess aqueous humour production is rarely the pathological problem) • Note that there is low (or normal) pressure glaucoma, poorly understood.

  13. Ciliary body

  14. Drugs used to treat glaucoma Note this subset of the drugs used to treat glaucoma are ones that act on the ANS.

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