Transition Metals

1. Transition Metals Key words; transition metals, smelting, electrolysis

2. Copper is used in wires and cables because of its good electrical conductivity, and used in plumbing because it is unreactive with water. Copper is also used as a roofing material. The copper reacts slowly with gases and water in the air to create a thin green layer of copper compounds. This prevents the rest of the copper from reacting.

3. Learning Objectives: By the end of the lesson I can: • • Explain what transition metals are and their properties. • Many have similar properties but some have differences that make them very useful. • • Explain that copper is used extensively in modern life. • Copper is used in plumbing as it is a very good conductor but does not corrode. • • Provide examples of how we extract copper. • Processed by smelting and electrolysis • Consider and evaluate the social, economic and environmental impacts of exploiting metal ores, of using metals and of recycling metals. • Extracting copper by traditional methods is expensive & harms the environment. New methods are being developed including the use of bacteria, fungi and plants.

4. starter • Read it again & • IDENTIFY • the following in a table; • properties, • use, • extraction & • environmental • impact. What does this mean? The elements in the central block of the periodic table are known as transition metals. Like other metals they are good conductors of heat and electricity and can be bent or hammered into shape. They are useful as structural materials and for making things that must allow heat or electricity to pass through them easily. • Copper has properties that make it useful for electrical wiring and plumbing. Copper is usually extracted by electrolysis. The supply of copper-rich ores is limited. New ways of extracting copper from low-grade ores are being researched to limit the environmental impact of traditional mining.

5. Describe the action of heat on ammonium dichromate (NH4)2Cr2O7 What natural phenomenon does it remind you of? Demonstration & Video

6. Add 1 spatula of CuO to 25mL of H2SO4 in a conical flask and swirl to mix. Filter the mixture into another conical flask using FLUTED FILTER PAPER. Add Mg metal to the filtrate. (NB: In industry it would be cheaper to use iron but the reaction is slower than it is with magnesium). What has happened? What are the word equations? What is the general name for this type of reaction? Which extraction is better? Extraction from low-grade sources CuSO4 is hazardous & H2SO4 is an irritant so where goggles & wash your hands.

7. Copper (II) oxide + Sulphuric acid (forms) Copper sulphate + Water CuO + H2SO4 (forms) CuSO4 + H2O Copper Sulphate + Magnesium metal (forms) Magnesium sulphate + Copper metal CuSO4 + Mg (forms) MgSO4 + Cu A DISPLACEMENT REACTION

8. Conducts electricity Very hard, H High melting points and boiling points. High electrical conductivity Malleable plenary Name some common properties of the transition metal block

9. Learning Objectives: By the end of the lesson I can: • • Explain what transition metals are and their properties. • Many have similar properties but some have differences that make them very useful. • • Explain that copper is used extensively in modern life. • Copper is used in plumbing as it is a very good conductor but does not corrode. • • Provide examples of how we extract copper. • Processed by smelting and electrolysis • Consider and evaluate the social, economic and environmental impacts of exploiting metal ores, of using metals and of recycling metals. • Extracting copper by traditional methods is expensive & harms the environment. New methods are being developed including the use of bacteria, fungi and plants.

10. Take 20mins on this web address to complete the questions on Transition Metals. You will be asked to present a metal to the class. http://www.webelements.com/ • Find the names of the transition metals (Sc to Zn). • Why is cobalt important in medicine? • What colour does cobalt give to paints? • Describe the appearance of chromium. • Which gemstone owes its colour to chromium? • Why is chromium useful in glass-making? • Which gemstone is given its colour by titanium? • Write down some facts about nickel. (Year of discovery, Uses)

11. Russell – Sc Leon – Ti Fatima – V Emily – Cr Dominic – Mn Farrah – Fe Chelsea – Co Alice – Ni Tyron – Cu Carys – Zn Vincent – Ag Balume – Au Sam – Cd Hayden – Hg Stephen – W Ashleigh – Rh You will need to teach the class the year of discovery, what it looks like, melting point, uses and an interesting point. You will have 3mins and may produce a powerpoint or other.

12. Answers: • Sc = scandium, Ti = Titanium, V = Vanadium, Cr = Chromium, Mn = Manganese, Fe = Iron, Co = Cobalt, Ni = Nickel, Cu = Copper, Zn = Zinc • It is used in radiotherapy, has an isotope that is used as source of gamma rays, it is highly magnetic. • Deep Blue • Chromium is a hard solid that is steel-grey in colour • Ruby (red) • To give it an emerald green colour • Saphires • 8. Discovered in 1751 used for valuable for the alloys, making desalination plants for converting sea water into fresh water, used extensively in coinage and in making nickel steel for armour plate and burglar-proof vaults, added to glass gives a green colour…