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Voice Disorders

Voice Disorders. Phonation Resonance. Disorders of Phonation. Functional Organic. Functional Disorders of Phonation. Vocal nodules Contact ulcers Vocal polyps Sessile Pedunculated Laryngitis. Organic Disorders of Phonation. Mass lesions Hyperadduction Hypoadduction. Mass lesions.

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Voice Disorders

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  1. Voice Disorders Phonation Resonance

  2. Disorders of Phonation • Functional • Organic

  3. Functional Disorders of Phonation • Vocal nodules • Contact ulcers • Vocal polyps • Sessile • Pedunculated • Laryngitis

  4. Organic Disorders of Phonation • Mass lesions • Hyperadduction • Hypoadduction

  5. Mass lesions • Laryngeal papillomas • Small, wartlike growths • Caused by a virus • Common in children under 6 years

  6. Mass lesions (continued) • Laryngeal web • Most often congenital • Can be complete – not compatible with life

  7. Mass lesion (continued) • Granuloma • Caused by trauma, often surgical intubation • Ruptured capillaries, covered with epithelial tissue • Surgical removal

  8. Mass lesions • Laryngeal cancer • 80% of laryngeal tumors are cancerous • Removal of larynx • Speech options • Esophageal speech • Electro-larynx • Tracheo-esophageal speech

  9. Disorders of Hyper-adduction • Vocal folds hyper-adduct • Strained, strangled quality of voice • Pitch breaks • Hoarseness • Causes • Pseudobulbar palsy • Huntington’s chorea • Spastic dysphonia

  10. Disorders of Hypo-adduction • Vocal folds do not completely close • Voice symptoms are breathiness, harshness, monopitch, monoloudness • Causes • Parkinson’s disease • Vocal fold paralysis

  11. Samples of voice disorders • CD from textbook samples

  12. Disorders of Resonance • Hypernasality • Hyponasality • Cul-de-sac nasality

  13. Hypernasality

  14. Hyponasality

  15. Cul-de-sac • VPI and nasal obstruction

  16. Psychological Voice Disorders • Conversion aphonia (hysterical aphonia) • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RaEuri_cQ2Y • Mutational falsetto

  17. Intervention techniques • Vocal hygiene • Vocal hyperfunction • Vocal hypofunction • Hypernasality • Hyponasality

  18. Vocal hygiene • Instructions on normal use of the voice • Identification of vocal abuse • Charting of abusive behavior • Instruction of non-abusive behavior • Compare and contrast drill • Carryover

  19. Hyperfunction techniques • Relaxation techniques • Softening glottal attack • Yawn-sigh • Froeschel’s chewing • Easy onset • Chant talk • Finding optimal pitch • Medical intervention • Botox injections for spasmodic dysphonia

  20. Hypofunction techniques • Push-pull • Increased loudness

  21. Hyper and hyponasality • Focus techniques • Nasometer • Increased mouth opening • Increased loudness • Medical interventions

  22. Websites • www.voicedoctor.net/media/photo/mucosal/nodules.html • www.gbmc.org/bin/p/o/contactulcers.jpg

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