TISSUES a group or mass of similar cells working together to perform certain common functions

1. TISSUESa group or mass of similar cells working together to perform certain common functions Created by Tina Weber, 2011

2. 4 Major Types http://www.wisc-online.com/objects/barbliang/protoTissue.swf

3. Epithelial Tissue • found throughout the body, covers all body surfaces both inside and out • main glandular tissue • attached to underlying connective tissue by noncellular nonliving basement membrane • usually has no vascular tissue--- blood supply • cells reproduce rapidly (rapid healing) • cells tightly packed together

4. Function in protection, secretion, absorption, excretion, sensory perception • types are categorized based on the shape of the cells and the layers of cells

5. Simple Squamous Epithelial • single layer (simple) of very thin, flattened cells (squamous). • function in diffusion and filtration • found in air sacs of lungs walls of capillaries

6. Simple Cuboidal • single layer, cube-shaped cells • function in secretion and absorption • found in lining of kidney tubules, ducts of glands, covering surface of ovaries

7. Simple Columnar • single layer, elongated cells with their nuclei in about the same position in each cell • function in protection, secretion, absorption • found in lining of digestive tract and uterus • contain scatter goblet cells functioning in secretion of mucus • some have tiny finger-like processes called microvilli to increase surface area

8. Stratified Squamous • multi-layered • functions in protection • found in lining of body cavities like the mouth and outer layer of skin

9. Pseudostratified Columnar • single layer with nuclei at various levels • usually ciliated for sweeping materials along a surface • contain goblet cells • function in secretion • found in lining of air passages like the trachea and tubes of reproductive system

10. Transitional Epithelium • thick, layered cuboidal cells that stretch • function to form barrier to block diffusion • found in lining of urinary bladder

11. Connective Tissue • most abundant tissue found throughout your body • binds structures together • provides support, protection, framework, fills space, stores fat, produced blood cells, fights infection, and helps repair tissue • composed of more scattered cells with abundant intercellular material “matrix” • made up of a ground substance (fluid, semi-solid) and fibers • most has a good blood supply • cells can reproduce

12. Types of Connective Tissue • mast cells---prevent blood clots • macrophages---consume waste or bacteria • fibroblasts---most abundant, produce fibers

13. Types of Fibers • Collagenous • thick • made of collagen---major structural protein in body • appear in long parallel bundles • strong and flexible but not very elastic • white fibers • bones, ligaments and tendons

14. Elastic • microfibrils in protein elastin • yellow • not strong but very elastic • respiratory and vocal cords

15. Areolar Tissue • binds skin to underlying organs and organs to organs • space between muscles • throughout body

16. Adipose Tissue (Fat) • beneath skin, around kidneys and eyeballs • abdominal membranes • function to protect, insulate to preserve body heat, store energy • cells are adipocytes

17. Fibrous Tissue • dense, closely packed • thick collagenous fibers and fine network of elastic fibers • few cells with poor blood supply---heal slowly • types • tendons---connect muscles to bones • ligaments---connect bones to bones • cartilage---cells are chondrocytes; several functions

18. Hyaline Cartilage • fine white (collagenous) fibers • most common • covers ends of bones and joints, nose, respiratory passages

19. Elastic Cartilage • more flexible • external ear and larynx

20. Fibrocartilage • very tough • large numerous collagenous fibers • intervertebral discs, meniscus

21. Bone (osseus) Tissue • rigid due to mineral salts • layers • lamellae • Haversian canals • osteocytes

22. Blood Tissue • circulate throughout body • includes red and white blood cells

23. Reticuloendothelial Tissue • found scattered throughout the body • fight off disease

24. Muscle Tissue • skeletal---voluntary, striated • smooth--involuntary, hollow organs (stomach) • cardiac---involuntary, striated, heart

25. Nerve Tissue • found in brain, spinal cord, nerves • neurons---nerve cell, transmits signals • neuroglia---for protection and support

26. Review • http://www.proprofs.com/quiz-school/story.php?title=tissues--human-body • http://www.funtrivia.com/trivia-quiz/SciTech/Human-Tissue-Types-I-Epithelial-Tissue-318082.html • http://highered.mcgraw-hill.com/sites/0072351187/student_view0/chapter5/chapter_quiz.html • http://quizlet.com/2621787/histology-lab-photo-quiz-flash-cards/ • http://www.gwc.maricopa.edu/class/bio201/histoprc/prac1q.htm • http://flashcarddb.com/cardset/quiz/33144 • http://www.wisc-online.com/objects/barbliang/protoTissue.swf