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Please use your own sheet of paper to define the following vocabulary terms:

Please use your own sheet of paper to define the following vocabulary terms:. Wave Period Amplitude   Crest  Trough. Frequency Hertz Wavelength Transverse wave Longitudinal wave. Mechanical Waves. What are mechanical waves? What do you think waves carry?

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Please use your own sheet of paper to define the following vocabulary terms:

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  1. Please use your own sheet of paper to define the following vocabulary terms: • Wave • Period • Amplitude   • Crest  • Trough • Frequency • Hertz • Wavelength • Transverse wave • Longitudinal wave

  2. Mechanical Waves

  3. What are mechanical waves? What do you think waves carry? Can you see waves? Examples?

  4. Mechanical Waves • Mechanical wavesare disturbances in matter that carry energy from one place to another. • Usually requires matter to travel • The matter a wave travels through is called a medium. • Medium can be a solid, liquid, or gas • Some waves can travel through space…with no medium!

  5. How are mechanical waves created?

  6. Creation of mechanical waves: • Need a source of energy! • That energy causes a vibration to travel through the medium

  7. Types of Mechanical Waves • Transverse: • A wave that causes the medium to vibrate at right angles to the direction of the wave

  8. Types of Mechanical Waves, ctd. • Longitudinal: • A wave in which the vibration of the medium is parallel to the direction the wave travels

  9. Parts of a transverse wave:

  10. Parts of a longitudinal wave:

  11. Remember! • A wave doesn’t move the medium…it’s just energy traveling through the medium!

  12. Transverse and Longitudinal WaveWhich is which?

  13. Measuring Wave Movement Period vs. Frequency

  14. What is Frequency • Frequency – (f) – The number of cycles in a given time • Or the number of waves that pass a certain point in a given time (usually a second). • Measured in Hertz (Hz) • 1 Hz = 1 wave (cycle) per second • 1 wave/1 s

  15. Calculating Frequency • To find frequency: • Divide the number of waves observed by the amount of time you spend observing them. • f = wave (cycles) time • So if you observe 10 waves in 5 seconds, what is the frequency of the waves?

  16. What is the relationship between wavelength and frequency? • Wavelength is inversely proportional to frequency! • If the wavelength increases the frequency has to decrease! Why is this so? • If wavelength increases, it takes longer for the waves to pass through the medium which lowers the number of waves you will see in any amount of time • If the wavelength decreases the frequency has to increase!

  17. What is the period of a wave? • Period • The time it takes for one wave (cycle) to occur. • Represented by T • Measured by timing how long it takes for a complete wave to pass a given point. • Measured in seconds

  18. Comparing frequency & period • Frequency is the inverse of the Period f = 1 / T • And so…. • Period is the inverse of the frequency T = 1/f • WHAT DOES THAT MEAN? • E.g. If Wave A has a frequency of 4waves/s, it’s period will be 1/4s

  19. Speed of a wave • We find speed by calculating distance divided by time. • The same holds true for waves! • Speed of a wave = Wavelength x Frequency • V = λ f • Since this is a speed or velocity, the units of measure will be m/s.

  20. Practice Problems: A wave has a frequency of 50 Hz and a wavelength of 10m. What is the speed of the wave? The speed of a wave is 5 m/s . Its wavelength is 2m. What is the frequency of the wave?

  21. Practice Problem #4 Find the wavelength of a wave in a rope that has a frequency of 2.0 Hz and a speed of 0.4 meters/second.

  22. Problem #5 The wavelength of a wave is 20 Hz. Its speed is 100 m/s. Calculate the frequency and the period of the wave.

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