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John L. Campbell Battelle, Center for Human Performance and Safety

Annual Meeting of the AASHTO Subcommittee on Design Human Factors Guidelines (HFG) for Road Systems (NCHRP 17-41) July 22, 2009. John L. Campbell Battelle, Center for Human Performance and Safety. Discussion Topics. Project Overview Conceptual Framework for Guideline Development

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John L. Campbell Battelle, Center for Human Performance and Safety

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  1. Annual Meeting of theAASHTO Subcommittee on DesignHuman Factors Guidelines (HFG)for Road Systems (NCHRP 17-41)July 22, 2009 John L. CampbellBattelle, Center for Human Performance and Safety

  2. Discussion Topics • Project Overview • Conceptual Framework for Guideline Development • Progress To Date • Current Activities • Next Steps

  3. Project Overview • Title: Human Factors Design Guidelines (HFG)for Road Systems • Phase II, NCHRP 17-31, July 2005 – July 2008 • Phase III, NCHRP 17-41, March 2008 – February 2010 • Phase I (NCHRP 17-18 (8), 2001-2004): Key products were introductory HFG materials and guidelines for Sight Distance • Sponsor/COTR: TRB/Chuck Niessner

  4. Project OverviewWhy do we need Human Factors Guidelines forRoad Systems? • Existing references for road system design do not always provide highway designers and traffic engineers with adequate guidance for incorporating road user needs, limitations, and capabilities. • Considerable research exists on road users’ characteristics that is not included in existing reference materials. • Designers and engineers value and will use factual information and insights on road users’ characteristics to facilitate safe roadway design and operational decisions.

  5. Project OverviewWhy do we need Human Factors Guidelines forRoad Systems? • The HFG is intended to complement, not replace, existing sources of road design information.

  6. Project Overview Specific Requirements for the HFG The Human Factors Guidelines should: • Reflect user requirements for content, format, and organization • Focus on road user needs, limitations, and capabilities • Provide clear, relevant, and easy-to-use guidance • Aid and augment the judgment and experience of highway designers and traffic engineers

  7. Original Research Research Compilations User-Centered Guidelines System Design Books EXPERIMENTS Design Environment Designer needs for content, organization, and format • Objectives & Tasks • Available Design Data • Design Process • Existing Constraints • “Givens” in Design • Diverse Designers Journal Articles Literature Reviews Conference Proceedings Formulation of Individual Guidelines Handbooks Technical Reports Standards Integrative review of data sources FINAL DESIGN SPECIFICATIONS Database of Human Factors Research Conceptual Framework forGuideline Development

  8. Design Context Identify User Needs 1 KeyData Sources Human FactorsLiterature Select DataSources 2 Representative End-Users 3 Evaluate the Selected Data Sources Reviews ofDraft Guidelines 4 Formulate the Guidelines Progress To DateProcedures for Guideline Development

  9. Progress To DateOverview of Current HFG Contents • PART I: INTRODUCTION TO THE HUMAN FACTORS GUIDELINES • Chapter 1: Why Have Human Factors Guidelines (HFG) for Road Systems? • Chapter 2: How to Use this Document • PART II: BRINGING ROAD USER CAPABILITIES INTO HIGHWAY DESIGN AND TRAFFIC ENGINEERING PRACTICE • Chapter 3: Finding Information Like a Road User • Chapter 4: Integrating Road User, Highway Design, and Traffic Engineering Needs

  10. Progress To DateOverview of Current HFG Contents • PART III: HUMAN FACTORS GUIDANCE FOR ROADWAY LOCATION ELEMENTS • Chapter 5: Sight Distance Guidelines (8) • Chapter 6: Curves (Horizontal) (6) • Chapter 10: Non-signalized Intersections (5) • Chapter 11: Signalized Intersections (4) • Chapter 13: Construction and Work Zones (6)

  11. Progress To DateOverview of HFG Contents • PART V: ADDITIONAL INFORMATION • Chapter 22: Tutorials • Tutorial 1: Real-World Driver Behavior Versus Design Models • Tutorial 2: Diagnosing Sight Distance Problems and Other Design Deficiencies • Chapter 23: References

  12. Abbreviated Chapter Title (Both Pages) Abbreviated Handbook Title (Both Pages) Revision Version (Both Pages) Guideline Title Bar Scale Rating Introduction Discussion Design Guideline Design Issues Figure, Table, or Graphic Cross References References Left-hand page Right-hand page Page Numbers Progress To DatePresentation Format

  13. Progress To DateExamples of Guidelines/Graphics Key Components of Sight Distance

  14. Progress To DateExamples of Guidelines/Graphics Acceptable Gap Distance

  15. Progress To DateExamples of Guidelines/Graphics Countermeasures for Improving Accessibility of Vision-impaired Pedestrians at Roundabouts

  16. Progress To DateExamples of Guidelines/Graphics Task Analysis of Curve Driving

  17. Progress To DateExamples of Guidelines/Graphics The Influence of Perceptual Factors on Curve Driving

  18. Current Activities • Chapters currently under development in Phase III of the HFG effort: • Chapter 16: Special Considerations for Rural Environments • Chapter 17: Speed Perception, Speed Choice, and Speed Control • Chapter 18: Signing • Chapter 19: Changeable Message Signs • Chapter 20: Markings

  19. For More Information… • NCHRP Report 600B • http://www.trb.org/news/blurb_detail.asp?id=9867 • Project 17-41 website • http://www.trb.org/TRBNet/ProjectDisplay.asp?ProjectID=1635 • John L. Campbell, Battelle • 206-528-3254 • campjohn@battelle.org • Chuck Niessner, NAS/NCHRP • 202-334-1431 • CNiessner@nas.edu

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