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Arterial Blood Pressure

Arterial Blood Pressure. Importance and Regulation Paul Marshall. Lecture topics:  the importance of arterial blood pressure  the significance of high and low arterial blood pressure  cardiac output and peripheral resistance  location of cardiovascular control centres

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Arterial Blood Pressure

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  1. Arterial Blood Pressure Importance and Regulation Paul Marshall

  2. Lecture topics: the importance of arterial blood pressure  the significance of high and low arterial blood pressure cardiac output and peripheral resistance location of cardiovascular control centres arterial baroreceptors and short-term control of BP  long-term hormonal regulation of BP

  3. Blood pressure:  Arterial Blood pressure is pulsatile (note: this changes at arterioles and capillaries) also note! Blood pressure progressively falls to 0 mmHg at RA as blood flows through the circulation

  4. Arterial blood pressure: terminology Hypertension Hypotension

  5. Cardiac Output: Peripheral resistance: “all the factors that oppose the flow of blood” (Tortora & Anagnostakos, 1990)

  6. Arterial blood pressure level described by: ABP = Cardiac Output X Peripheral Resistance  cardiac output: altered by (examples): peripheral resistance: altered by (examples)

  7. Central control of arterial blood pressure: (simplified) cardiovascular control centres (CVC) located in the _________________________________________  receive sensory information from specialised receptors __________________________________________  

  8. Short term regulation: Arterial baroreceptors: located in: _________________________ _________________________  

  9. Arterial baroreceptors cont: increased stretch:__________________________ decreased stretch:_________________________  affect on cardiovascular centres: increased firing:__________________________ decreased firing:__________________________ 

  10. Arterial baroreceptor activity: Decrease in BP: ___________ stretch of arterial wall and arterial barorecptors __________ sensory impulses to CVC ________ parasympathetic and _______ sympathetic activity from CVC ______________ in heart rate and stroke volume ____________________ of arterioles

  11. Arterial baroreceptor activity: Increase in BP: _________ stretch of arterial wall and arterial baroreceptors ____________ sensory impulses to CVC ________ in parasympathetic and _________ in sympathetic activity from CVC _________________ in heart rate and stroke volume ________________________ of arterioles

  12. Long-term control of arterial blood pressure: (simplified) Hormonal via ________________________________________ When BP low - Renin secreted by kidney’s as a result (several stages) Angiotensin II produced Angiotensin II -  ___________________________  ___________________________

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