Facial Bone Anatomy & Positioning

1. Facial Bone Anatomy & Positioning RTEC 233 Week 6 FINAL

2. Anterior Aspect of Facial Bones • 6 paired facial bones 1) 2) 3) 4) 5) 6) • 2 single bones 7) 8) 4 3 2 1 7 7 5 8

4. Palatine Bones • L-shaped bones • _________ portion forms posterior hard palate • _______ portion extends between 1maxillae and 1 pterygoid plate of sphenoid bone • Articulates with 2 cranial bones and 4 facial bones

5. Zygomatic Bones • Forms ________ • Forms lower outer margin of _______ • Articulates with 3 cranial bones 1) 2) 3) • Articulates with maxillae

6. Inferior Nasal Cochae • The only pair of conchae that are _______ facial bones • Articulates with 1) 2) 3) 4) • Covered with mucous membranes to: ______________________________________________

7. Lacrimal Bones • About the size & shape of a fingernail • Lacrimal foramen for tear duct • Lie anteriorly on the medial side of orbit • Can be seen on PA and lateral projections • Articulates with 2 cranial bones and 2 facial bones

8. Nasal Bones • Fused and form bridge of nose • Vary in size considerably • The point of junction with the frontal bone is the nasion • Articulates with 2 cranial and 2 facial bones

9. Vomer • Forms inferosuperior part of nasal septum • Deviated nasal septum • Depressions for blood vessels • Articulates with 2 cranial bones & 4 facial bones

10. Mandible • Only _______ bone in the skull • ________& largest facial bone • ___bones at birth • Contains ______foramina

11. Fractures Blowout Tripod LeFort Coutrecoup Foreign Body Osteomyelitis Neoplasms Secondary Osteomyelitis TMJ Syndrome Pathologic Indications for Facial Radiography

12. Sample Fractures

13. Tripod Fractures

14. TripodFracture

15. LeFort Fractures

16. Lefort 2

17. Foreign Body

18. Osteomyelitis

19. TMJ syndrome

20. TMJ Syndrome

21. Positioning: Lateral Facial bones • CR is perpendicular • enters lateral zygomatic bone ½ way between outer canthus and EAM.

22. Lateral Facial Radiograph • All facial bones in with zygomatic bone in center • Almost SI mandibular rami • SI orbital roofs (no tilt) • No rotation of sella turcica

23. Positioning: Waters • CR perpendicular to exit acanthion

24. Waters Radiograph • Distance from lateral border of skull and orbit equal on each side • Petrous ridges projected immediately below maxillary sinuses

25. Reverse Waters • CR perpendicular and enters acanthion

26. Reverse Waters Radiograph • Distance from lateral border of skull and orbit equal on each side • Petrous ridges projected immediately below maxillary sinuses

27. Modified Waters • CR perpendicular and exits acanthion

28. Modified Waters Radiograph • Petrous ridges projected immediately below the inferior border of the orbits • Equal distance from lateral orbit to lateral skull on both sides

29. PA Axial - Caldwell • CR 15 caudal to exit nasion

30. PA Axial- Caldwell Radiograph • Equal distance from lat skull to lat orbit • Symmetric petrous ridges in lower 1/3 orbit • Penetration of frontal bone without excessive density at lateral borders of skull.

31. Lateral Nasal Bones • CR perpendicular to the bridge of nose at a point 1” distal to the nasion

32. Lateral Nasal bones Radiograph • No rotation of nasal bone and soft tissue • Anterior nasal spine and frontonasal suture evident • Close collimation