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The Muscular System

Learn about the different types of muscles in the human body, how they move, and common muscle injuries. Discover how exercise and stretching can strengthen your muscles and prevent injuries.

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The Muscular System

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  1. The Muscular System Human Biology & Health Chapter 2.3 Pages 50-54

  2. Try This: • Sit perfectly still! • That means move as little as possible • Try not to move a muscle for a full 60 seconds Now relax! • What did you notice about this exercise?

  3. Muscle-bound • There are roughly 600 muscles in your body • Used in every action you take • Chewing, breathing, blinking, smiling, etc.

  4. Muscle Action • Classified according to control • Voluntary: muscles you consciously control • Involuntary: muscles you do NOT consciously control • Heart beating, digestion

  5. Types of Muscles 3 Types • Skeletal • Smooth • Cardiac • Skeletal muscle is connected to your bones • The muscle is connected to bone by Tendons • React quickly but also tire quickly.

  6. Types of Muscles 3 Types • Skeletal • Smooth • Cardiac • Involuntary muscles • Not banded like Skeletal muscles. • React more slowly and therefore tire slowly.

  7. Types of Muscles 3 Types • Skeletal • Smooth • Cardiac • Similar to both Skeletal & Smooth muscles • Involuntary and untiring like smooth • Responds quickly and rapidly.

  8. Muscles at Work • Put your pen at the far edge of your table • Place your hands on your lap • Slowly reach out and pick up your pen • How do you think your muscles ‘moved’ just now?

  9. Muscles at Work • Make a “muscle” • How are your muscles moving now? • What is the lump being made by this motion?

  10. Working in Tandom • Muscles can only contract • They work in pairs: one muscle contracts, the other relaxes • Biceps contract when you flex • Triceps contract when you extend your arm.

  11. Exercise and Stretching • Exercising your muscles makes them stronger • Stretching (after a brief warm-up) helps prepare muscles for activity • Increases range of motion and flexibility

  12. Muscle Injuries • Straininjuries occur when a muscle or Tendontears • “Pulled” muscles • Avoid activity that causes pain in ‘pulled’ area • Ice it (no longer than 15 minutes at a time) • Elevate it to heart level.

  13. Muscle Injuries • Spraininjuries occur when a joint is over-stretched or torn • Ligamentsare tissue that connect bones • Ankle sprain • ACL / MCL knee sprains (Anterior / Medial cruciate ligament)

  14. Star Systems & Galaxies (Ch3.4, p117-120) • Star Systems & Galaxies (Ch3.4, p117-120) Exit Pass • What are the 3 kinds of muscle? • What is the only way muscles can move?

  15. Star Systems & Galaxies (Ch3.4, p117-120) • Star Systems & Galaxies (Ch3.4, p117-120) What to Work On • In your notebook, outline Section 2.4, The Skin • Answer the Review questions for both Section 2.3 (page 54, #s 1-4) and Section 2.4 (page 62, #s 1-3)

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