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Chapter 3. Pennsylvania Long Ago. Vocabulary. Fossil – the preserved remains of a plant or animal that lived long ago Artifact – an object made by human beings Nomad – people who traveled in search of food. Vocabulary.
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Chapter 3 Pennsylvania Long Ago
Vocabulary • Fossil – the preserved remains of a plant or animal that lived long ago • Artifact – an object made by human beings • Nomad – people who traveled in search of food
Vocabulary • Longhouse – long wooden building that was covered with bark or grass and shared by several families • Wampum – a string of small beads made from shells
Lesson 1 • Paleontologists study fossils for clues about the giant plants and animals of Pennsylvania’s past • Examples of fossils are shells, skeletons, and leaf prints • The Trilobite is Pennsylvania’s state fossil • Scientists believe that most of these plants and animals lived in dense forests , during the Pennsylvanian Period, millions of years ago • Most of the plants and animals died out and were buried in areas that became coal beds, and some of the remains became fossilized
Lesson 1 • A scientist who studies the lives and culture of people from the past are archaeologists • Archaeologists dig for artifacts at archaeological sites • Examples of artifacts are spearheads and cooking pots • An important archaeologist site is MedowcroftRockshelter located in southwestern Pennsylvania • MedowcroftRockshelter has the largest collection of plant and animal fossils in North America
Compare and Contrast ANCIENT Pennsylvania Present-day Pennsylvania Climate Has a temperate climate Varying temperatures People/Plants More people live here The large animals are extinct Smaller plant life • Climate • It was warmer and wetter • People/Plant • Large plants and animals, like the woolly mammoth and mastodon • Few people
Native Americans in PennsylvaniaLesson 2 Algonquian Tribes Shawnee Referred to Lenape as their “grandfathers” Settled near Susquehanna River Lived in Longhouses Men fished and hunted; Women planted crops Moved to Oklahoma • LenniLenape • Settled along banks of Delaware and Brandywine River • Used natural resources • Men hunted and fished and women grew crops • Lived in longhouses with several families • Forced to move to Ohio and Oklahoma
Native Americans in PennsylvaniaLesson 2 IROQUOIS Tribes Susquehannock Settled along the Susquehanna River in southeast PA Lived in longhouses Built palisades around their villages to protect them from attacks Women had a great deal of power Due to war, disease, and members joining other tribes, the Susquehannock have died out • Iroquois • Lived near each other and shared a common language • Lived in longhouses • Good farmers, traders, and hunters • Various tribes fought against each other • Created League of Five Nations, to try and stop the fighting • Used wampum to make and record decisions • Became one of the most powerful groups in North America
Tamanend Tamanend was a famous leader of the LenniLenape. He was known for his fairness. He worked with William Penn to keep peace in Pennsylvania for more than 50 years. Tamanend is a symbol of lasting liberty and peace. His statue is in Philadelphia.
