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Regional Dialogue on Green Economy for the WIO Island States. Experience in marine monitoring compliance and enforcement Ms. Juliana Legaie Technical Advisor for Policy and Law Ministry of Environment and Energy Seychelles. What is compliance and enforcement and why do we need it?.
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Regional Dialogue on Green Economy for the WIO Island States Experience in marine monitoring compliance and enforcement Ms. Juliana Legaie Technical Advisor for Policy and Law Ministry of Environment and Energy Seychelles
What is compliance and enforcement and why do we need it? • Compliance - the ability to act in accordance with an order, set of rules, established guidelines, specifications, or legislation. (Persuasive) • Enforcement - supervising or putting into action a certain set of rules, which are outlaid as part of a plan, a system or an order. (Compulsive) • Why – good governance! SD GE
Compliance and Enforcement for Green Economy • Governance of green economy is about how policies, laws, institutions, society, programmes interact and are managed • Success of Green Economy largely depends on the system of compliance and enforcement that are in place • C and E heavily depends on cooperation between Government, Private sector, Civil Society and international interaction
Experience of marine compliance and enforcement: example of Seychelles • Marine impacts • Coral bleaching (diving sites) • Dredging, reclamation and drilling • Tourism related activities (diving, snorkeling) • Anchor damage • Destructive fishing practices (dynamite) • Integrated coastal management (litters) • Oil spill (tankers in Mozambique Channel – Aldabra)
Policy and legislative frameworks • Constitution - right to live in and enjoy a clean, healthy and ecologically balanced environment • Pollution related – EPA, Maritime laws, NOSCP • Development – EIA Regs, Land Reclamation Act • Mining and drilling laws – Petroleum, Minerals, Removal of sand • Protected Areas – NPNCA • Extensive legislative framework in place that helps to ensure sustainable development of the marine environment
International C and E • Transboundary aspects • United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) • International Convention on Civil Liability for Oil Pollution Damage • International Fund for Compensation for Oil Pollution Damage • International Convention Relating to Intervention on the High Seas in Cases of Oil Pollution Casualties • Nairobi Convention and its Protocols • Domesticated, fully implemented, very useful in C & E
Challenges • Need to update legislation and incorporate new and emerging matters e.g. GE • Ensure that environmental crime and other emerging matters are regarded seriously in the social, economic and political arena • Enhance the capacity of enforcement and monitoring sector in the marine sector
Conclusion • Possible to implement GE activities in the marine sector if you have the right policies, legislations and programmes
Recommendations • More awareness and capacity building as a mechanism for C and E • Ensure legislation is responsive to emerging issues like green economy, climate change and challenges of modern society and its technological advancement