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Civil Rights

Civil Rights. Send to: 37607 Message box: 85172 then words Example: “85172 MsColley civilrights ”. Question: 2 or 3 people, events, terms, etc. you know about the civil rights era. Rise of African American Influence. Jackie Robinson (1947) The Great Migration (1910-1940)

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Civil Rights

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  1. Civil Rights Send to: 37607 Message box: 85172 then words Example: “85172 MsColleycivilrights” Question: 2 or 3 people, events, terms, etc. you know about the civil rights era.

  2. Rise of African American Influence • Jackie Robinson (1947) • The Great Migration (1910-1940) • New Deal—gov’t officials • World War II—jobs; horrors of the Holocaust opened eyes • NAACP (National Association for the Advancement of Colored People)

  3. Demonstrations

  4. Brown v. Board (1954) • Oliver Brown sued Topeka, Kansas Board of Ed. • Wanted his 8-year-old daughter to attend closer white school • Thurgood Marshall argued in front of Supreme Court

  5. Landmark case • May 17, 1954 — unanimous decision • “Separate but equal” is unconstitutional • Reversed Plessy v. Fergusson in 1896 • A year later, Court ruled that all schools should desegregate

  6. Reactions • Many white Americans accepted decision • Pres. Eisenhower privately disagreed, but swore to uphold the decision • KKK became more active • 90+ members of Congress expressed their opposition in the “Southern Manifesto”

  7. More injustice • Emmett Till – 14-year-old boy murdered for whistling at a white woman in 1955 • Major impact on civil rights movement

  8. Emmett Till’s Mother

  9. Trial for Till’s Murder • Suspects were acquitted by all white jury • Roy Bryant and J. W. Milam confessed to the crime after acquittal

  10. Rosa Parks • Montgomery, AL • Dec. 1, 1955 • Planned civil disobedience • Parks’ arrest led to boycotts and demonstrations

  11. Rosa Parks

  12. Montgomery Bus Boycott • 1955-1956; walked, rode bikes, carpooled • Led by 26 yr. old, Reverend Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. • Supreme Court  bus segregation unconstitutional • Led to  new generation of leadersand peaceful stepstoward equality

  13. Little Rock Nine (1957) • NAACP registered 9 black students at Central High School in Little Rock, AR • AR Gov. Faubus sent AR National Guard to block them • Defied Supreme Court ruling • Pres. Eisenhower sent 101st airborne to integrate school

  14. Review • In groups of 4, each have a different main topic: Brown v Board, Montgomery Bus Boycott, Little Rock Nine • Create a web with information on topic Brown v. Board

  15. Prompt #3 • Why was Brown v. Board so significant? • What did the success of the Montgomery Bus Boycott spark? • Who were the Little Rock Nine and what was the outcome of this event?

  16. Philosophy of MLK • MLK followed teachings of Gandhi • Physical sacrifice if necessary • Non-violence reflects the ugliness of those who commit violence • Approach enemies with love, not hate

  17. Sit-in at Woolworth’s Lunch Counter Greensboro, NC

  18. Freedom Riders in Whites Only Bus Station

  19. Freedom Rides, 1961

  20. Freedom Riders • Still segregated bus stations • 1961 — CORE (Congress of Racial Equality) sent freedom riders on busses from D.C. to New Orleans • Riders made out wills before they left, many arrested • Anniston, Alabama • Firebomb thrown at bus • White mob beat riders as they escaped • After this, federal gov’t protected freedom riders

  21. Firebombed Freedom Riders

  22. James Meredith • 1st African American admitted to U. of Mississippi (Ole Miss) — 1962

  23. Birmingham, AL (1963) • Targeted city b/c of Police Chief Eugene “Bull” Connor • MLK hoped federal gov’t would get involved • Police arrested 150 demonstrators • MLK arrested • Situation got JFK’s attention

  24. Bull Connor

  25. Birmingham, AL (cont.) • Children get involved • Kids age 6-16 marched to 16th St. Baptist Church • 900 kids thrown in jail • Connor used fire hoses and dogs • JFK sends in mediators • Got media attention  successful

  26. Prompt #4 • What are methods of nonviolence used by activists during the civil rights era?

  27. Civil Rights Organizations Chart

  28. Nonviolence or Militancy? • In 5-6 sentences, do you agree with peaceful or aggressive strategies? Cite examples of events/methods to support your opinion. • Decide what your position is: • Aggressive • Somewhat Aggressive • Somewhat Peaceful • Peaceful

  29. HW Review • What was Kennedy’s approach to civil rights? • Why did civil rights leaders propose a march on Washington?

  30. Reading Directions • Read section • Summarize what you read next to the section • Answer questions for the section • STOP

  31. Prompt #5 • How did southerners try and prevent African Americans from voting? Provide examples.

  32. Literacy Test

  33. Literacy Test Discussion • Is this a fair way of determining who gets to vote? • Why did southern states implement these added regulations? What did these literacy tests accomplish? • How was this an effective strategy for continuing discrimination at this time? • Were the 3 pieces of legislation passed during the 1960s necessary?

  34. Prompt #6 • What was the legacy of the civil rights movement? (Give 3 examples)

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