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Objectives

Chapter 12 Enumerated, Structure, and Union Types. Objectives. ❏ To introduce the structure, union, and enumerated types ❏ To use the type definition statement in programs

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Objectives

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  1. Chapter 12 Enumerated, Structure, and Union Types Objectives ❏ To introduce the structure, union, and enumerated types ❏ To use the type definition statement in programs ❏ To use enumerated types, including anonymous types. ❏ To create and use structures in programs ❏ To be able to use unions in programs ❏ To understand the software engineering concept of coupling and to be able to evaluate coupling between functions. Computer Science: A Structured Programming Approach Using C

  2. FIGURE 12-1 Derived Types Computer Science: A Structured Programming Approach Using C

  3. 12-1 The Type Definition (typedef) Before discussing the derived types, let’s discuss a C declaration that applies to all of them—the type definition. A type definition, typedef, gives a name to a data type by creating a new type that can then be used anywhere a type is permitted. Computer Science: A Structured Programming Approach Using C

  4. FIGURE 12-2 Type-definition Format Computer Science: A Structured Programming Approach Using C

  5. 12-2 Enumerated Types The enumerated type is a user-defined type based on the standard integer type. In an enumerated type, each integer value is given an identifier called an enumeration constant. Topics discussed in this section: Declaring an Enumerated Type Operations on Enumerated Types Enumeration Type Conversion Initializing Enumerated Constants Anonymous Enumeration: Constants Input/Output Operations Computer Science: A Structured Programming Approach Using C

  6. PROGRAM 12-1 Print Cable TV Stations Computer Science: A Structured Programming Approach Using C

  7. PROGRAM 12-1 Print Cable TV Stations Computer Science: A Structured Programming Approach Using C

  8. Note Don’t be confused about strings and enumerated types. “cnn” is a string made of three characters; cnn,as defined in the previous code example, is an enumerated type (identifier) which has the integer value 51. Computer Science: A Structured Programming Approach Using C

  9. 12-3 Structure A structure is a collection of related elements, possibly of different types, having a single name. Topics discussed in this section: Structure Type Declaration Initialization Accessing Structures Operations on Structures Complex Structures Structures and Functions Computer Science: A Structured Programming Approach Using C

  10. FIGURE 12-3 Structure Examples Computer Science: A Structured Programming Approach Using C

  11. Note Elements in a structure can be of the same or different types. However, all elements in the structure should be logically related. Computer Science: A Structured Programming Approach Using C

  12. FIGURE 12-4 Tagged Structure Format Computer Science: A Structured Programming Approach Using C

  13. FIGURE 12-5 Structure Declaration with typedef Computer Science: A Structured Programming Approach Using C

  14. FIGURE 12-6 Structure Declaration Format and Example Computer Science: A Structured Programming Approach Using C

  15. FIGURE 12-7 Initializing Structures Computer Science: A Structured Programming Approach Using C

  16. FIGURE 12-8 Structure Direct Selection Operator Computer Science: A Structured Programming Approach Using C

  17. PROGRAM 12-2 Multiply Fractions Computer Science: A Structured Programming Approach Using C

  18. PROGRAM 12-2 Multiply Fractions Computer Science: A Structured Programming Approach Using C

  19. FIGURE 12-9 Copying a Structure Computer Science: A Structured Programming Approach Using C

  20. FIGURE 12-10 Pointers to Structures Computer Science: A Structured Programming Approach Using C

  21. Note (*pointerName).fieldName « pointerName->fieldName. Computer Science: A Structured Programming Approach Using C

  22. FIGURE 12-11 Interpretation of Invalid Pointer Use Computer Science: A Structured Programming Approach Using C

  23. FIGURE 12-12 Indirect Selection Operator Computer Science: A Structured Programming Approach Using C

  24. PROGRAM 12-3 Clock Simulation with Pointers Computer Science: A Structured Programming Approach Using C

  25. PROGRAM 12-3 Clock Simulation with Pointers Computer Science: A Structured Programming Approach Using C

  26. PROGRAM 12-3 Clock Simulation with Pointers Computer Science: A Structured Programming Approach Using C

  27. PROGRAM 12-3 Clock Simulation with Pointers Computer Science: A Structured Programming Approach Using C

  28. FIGURE 12-13 Nested Structure Computer Science: A Structured Programming Approach Using C

  29. FIGURE 12-14 Arrays in Structures Computer Science: A Structured Programming Approach Using C

  30. FIGURE 12-15 Pointers in Structures Computer Science: A Structured Programming Approach Using C

  31. FIGURE 12-16 Array of Structures Computer Science: A Structured Programming Approach Using C

  32. PROGRAM 12-4 Sort Array of Student Structures Computer Science: A Structured Programming Approach Using C

  33. PROGRAM 12-4 Sort Array of Student Structures Computer Science: A Structured Programming Approach Using C

  34. PROGRAM 12-4 Sort Array of Student Structures Computer Science: A Structured Programming Approach Using C

  35. PROGRAM 12-4 Sort Array of Student Structures Computer Science: A Structured Programming Approach Using C

  36. PROGRAM 12-4 Sort Array of Student Structures Computer Science: A Structured Programming Approach Using C

  37. PROGRAM 12-4 Sort Array of Student Structures Computer Science: A Structured Programming Approach Using C

  38. FIGURE 12-17 Passing Structure Members to Functions Computer Science: A Structured Programming Approach Using C

  39. FIGURE 12-18 Passing and returning structures Computer Science: A Structured Programming Approach Using C

  40. PROGRAM 12-5 Passing and Returning Structures Computer Science: A Structured Programming Approach Using C

  41. PROGRAM 12-5 Passing and Returning Structures Computer Science: A Structured Programming Approach Using C

  42. PROGRAM 12-5 Passing and Returning Structures Computer Science: A Structured Programming Approach Using C

  43. PROGRAM 12-5 Passing and Returning Structures Computer Science: A Structured Programming Approach Using C

  44. PROGRAM 12-5 Passing and Returning Structures Computer Science: A Structured Programming Approach Using C

  45. FIGURE 12-19 Passing Structures Through Pointers Computer Science: A Structured Programming Approach Using C

  46. PROGRAM 12-6 Passing Structures through Pointers Computer Science: A Structured Programming Approach Using C

  47. PROGRAM 12-6 Passing Structures through Pointers Computer Science: A Structured Programming Approach Using C

  48. PROGRAM 12-6 Passing Structures through Pointers Computer Science: A Structured Programming Approach Using C

  49. PROGRAM 12-6 Passing Structures through Pointers Computer Science: A Structured Programming Approach Using C

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