IDP Profiling in Sudan: IDP Caseload and Numbers

1. IDP Profiling in Sudan:IDP Caseload and Numbers Sudan has the largest IDP concentration in the world 6-7 millions are internally displaced in almost all parts of the country The following regions host most IDP Khartoum – 2 Million: the largest concentration of IDPs in a single location in the world Approx 85% from Southern Sudan; 10-15% from Darfur 4 official camps and about 30 unofficial settlements Over 80% is estimated to live in temporary shelters

2. IDP Caseload Continue… • 1.8 million IDPs displaced within Darfur • Approx 700,000 displaced in West Darfur where UNHCR has mandate over IDPs • Approx 1.8 million IDPs displaced in various parts within Southern Sudan • Most IDPs reside in rural settlements • Remaining IDPs in elsewhere in the East and North of Sudan

3. Pattern of Displacement and Settlement • Majority of displacement owing to conflict • South Sudan conflict since mid 1980s • Darfur conflict from 2003 - present • Eastern Sudan insecurity • Drought/insecurity in central region in 1980s • Different waves/Multitude of displacement

4. IDP Settlement and Response • Majority of IDPs in Khartoum reside in informal squatter settlements around city • IDPs displaced within southern Sudan, eastern Sudan and elsewhere reside in rural settlements/villages • Majority of Darfur IDPs reside in IDP camps

5. Response…Khartoum • Government relations with IDPs is characterized with hostility and distrust – thus very limited direct assistance and support • Access to IDP camps/settlements in Khartoum restricted by authorities • Humanitarian assistance – primarily my INGOs - reduced in recent years due to competing demands • No systematic profiling of IDPs • Until recently no protection monitoring in camps

6. UNHCR Involvement with IDPs in Khartoum • UNHCR’s involvement with internally displaced persons in Greater Khartoum area is based on a specific request by the UN Emergency Relief Coordinator and the Humanitarian Coordinator. • Our engagement with IDPs in Khartoum is designed as a protection intervention, but clearly framed in the context of the return operation to Southern Sudan. • While Sudan is not one of the pilot countries for the IASC cluster approach for IDPs, UNHCR’s involvement in Khartoum is still seen to derive from this IASC policy.

7. UNHCR Involvement with IDPs • The outlined strategy for the project is focusing on: • community based protection monitoring; • enhancing protection networks and coordination; • capacity-building; and • ensuring IDPs have elements for informed choice regarding their return.

8. Envisioned engagement in 2007 • UNHCR foresees continuing to act as advocate for IDPs in Khartoum, in the context of the return operation, through coordination and leadership in the PWG • The majority of the IDPs express a strong desire to return from Khartoum. UNHCR would like to enhance the UN’s contribution to the overall IDP return operation by jointly (Government of Southern Sudan, Government of National Unity/UN) organized IDP returns to selected areas. • Support would also be offered in the form of technical advice and capacity building for the return operation, including registration, information dissemination, etc

9. IDP Profiling in Khartoum • Two types of profiling in different times through inter-agency efforts: • Assessment of socio-economic condition of IDPs with the objective: • To identify the reasons for the IDP displacement and their principal demographic breakdown; • To determine socio-economic needs; • To serve as reference tool to support policy design and programme development that will ensure assistance • To Identify skill levels and IDPs’ needs for further training; • Verify anecdotal evidence concerning re-planning process and plot allocation

10. Profiling Conti… • Methodology: Random sample selection of IDP households from major IDP camps/settlements • The 4 most populous IDP camps selected with a total 400,000 IDPs • Sample size of approx. 1,500 households • The sample survey covered the following areas • Socio-economic status • Water, sanitation and health • IDP/ returnee status • Plot procurement and relocation impact • Protection issues • Focus Group Discussions qualitative methodology was also used • The survey report and analyses were widely shared through inter-agency forums and were used to inform humanitarian programming. • Other issue-specific profiling were also done in IDP camps

11. Return Intention Profiling • In Mid 2005 UNHCR co-sponsored IDP survey intention in Northern Sudan. The Gov. requested such survey and was an integral part of te process, providing IDP statistics and locations. The main objective of the survey included: • Carry out a survey to collect data on the intentions, motivations, and concerns of IDPs regarding voluntary return to South Sudan. • Identify IDPs’ desire to settle elsewhere or their decision to remain in current places of displacement. • Obtain numerical estimates of persons who may be returning to their places of origin in the next three to twelve months. • Indicate geographic locations of potential final destinations as well as planned return routes • Collect basic demographic data (disaggregated by age, sex, and family composition) and socio-economic information on IDP populations.

12. Intention Profiling Cont… • Determine as to what information IDPs need to make an informed choice about return • Seek information about land and property in order to gather information about potential problems or concerns of IDPs about their possible return • Include sections on advocacy and health relevant for partner agencies. • Highlights the priorities to be taken into account when planning return and reintegration of the IDPs.

13. Intention Profiling Cont… • Methodology: The sample survey. • The estimated number of the IDPs considered for the population frame was approx. 2.9 million IDPs, living in 11 states (54 survey locations) and corresponding to 482,630 households. For the survey interviews, 7,020 households were selected and interviewed, corresponding to 44,238 persons. • The process also served a capacity building purpose for gov. counterpart

14. Intention Profiling Cont… • Key findings include: • The majority of IDPs, 68% of the total, said that they would return, 11% said that they have not decided yet and 22% said that they will remain in where they are. • The decision to return varied by areas of origin. For the IDPs who originate from South Sudan, 80% said that they would return (78% to their place of origin and 2% to other village/town). • Other 10% of the southerners stated that they have not decided yet and the remainder 10% said that they will not return.

15. Intention Profiling Cont… • All respondents who declared they would return were asked what additional information they would like to have for helping their returning decisions. The most frequently mentioned need was information on safe routes (43%). • The cost of travel and information on conditions at the place of origin were also mentioned by large groups (respectively 39% and 35%). • Information collected by the sample was used to develop registration and profiling systems; informed options for and facilitate such durable solutions as voluntary return, local integration or settlement in areas other that the places of origin or displacement.