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Coding

Coding. Preparing The Research for Data Entry. Coding (defined). Coding is the process of converting questionnaire responses into a form that a computer analysis software package can recognize. The Purpose of A Codebook.

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Coding

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  1. Coding Preparing The Research for Data Entry

  2. Coding (defined) • Coding is the process of converting questionnaire responses into a form that a computer analysis software package can recognize

  3. The Purpose of A Codebook • A codebook provides a template for how the numerical data will be entered into the statistical software program

  4. Tasks Necessary for Data Entry • Create a codebook based on the research instrument • Prepare completed questionnaires for data entry • Create the codebook template using the selected software program

  5. Step 1: How To Create a Codebook • Start with a blank copy of the questionnaire • Assign questions and/or response set options a variable name and numerical value

  6. Coding Decisions • Coding decisions that should be made BEFORE data input begins include • Non-responses • Multiple responses when only one selection was required • Open-ended questions

  7. Coding Decisions • Open-ended questions should be assigned response values as closed-ended questions would • This requires identifying consensus themes and assigning numerical references to each

  8. Step 2: Preparing Questionnaires • Once the codebook is completed, questionnaires should be compiled and assigned a case number

  9. Step 3: Creating A Coding Template • A “Case” • All data from one completed questionnaire • Represented by rows on the software template • A “Variable” • Data on one question item across respondent questionnaires • Represented by columns on the software template

  10. Step 3: Creating A Coding Template • The ‘Data Address’ • Represents a specific respondent’s answer to a particular variable • An intersection between a row and a column on the template spreadsheet

  11. ‘Smooth’ Coding • Requires written instructions for consistency in understanding across the research team • Training and then some • For inter-coder reliability • Manual, followed by digital coding*

  12. Other Issues In Coding • Software • Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) • Data Transfer Accuracy • Visual spot checks help avoid ‘miscodes’

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