Origin of Basic Drawing Materials

1. Origin of Basic Drawing Materials SHOWFLIPPER Present’s

2. Paper The history of using paper date back to the 2nd Century BC, in China. The Chinese paper making process spread to the Middle East and to the medieval Europe in the 13th Century. This century also saw the building of first water powered paper mills. Canadian Inventor, Charles Fenerty, and German Inventor, F.G Keller, independently developed processes that could pulp wood fibers in 1884. This invention lowered the cost of paper making significantly. Modern paper is made of cellulose pulp derived from wood, rags and grass. The paper is produced by pressing together these moist fibers and drying them in the form of flexible sheets. www.showflipper.com | Company Presentation | Drawing

3. Pencil Origins of the word - "PENCIL": • French - "Pincel" - meaning "A Small Paintbrush". • Latin - "Penicillus" - meaning "A Little Tail". Evolution of Pencil: Modern pencil evolved from ancient Rome, where a writing instrument made of Lead called as "Stylus" was used. Poisoning from Lead was very common. Graphite is Discovered: Graphite was first discovered in Cumbria, England in the year 1565. Locally, it was used to mark the sheep and was thought of being some form of Lead. Graphite is not poisonous. www.showflipper.com | Company Presentation | Drawing

4. Pencil Grading of Pencil: Pencils are graded on the European System based on hardness, blackness and ease of usability. Classification of Pencil: Pencils are classified as - • (H) for hardness. • (B) for blackness • (F) for in-between HB and H • Standard writing pencils are graded as HB. www.showflipper.com | Company Presentation | Drawing

5. Eraser Introduction to Erasers: Erasers are used to remove pencil and ink markings on paper. Erasers are made from synthetic rubber. Expensive or Specialized Erasers are made of Vinyl, Plastic or gum like materials. www.showflipper.com | Company Presentation | Drawing

6. Eraser History of Erasers: Before rubber based erasers, rubber or wax tablets were used to erase lead or charcoal marks from paper. Rough stones like sandstone or pumice were used to remove small errors from parchments and papyrus based documents written in ink. Crust-less bread was also used as an eraser. www.showflipper.com | Company Presentation | Drawing

7. Eraser Edward Nairne, an English engineer developed the first mass produced and mass marketed rubber based eraser while participating in an inventions competition. Nairne sold these natural rubber based erasers for 3 shillings per half inch cube; which was very expensive for that time. www.showflipper.com | Company Presentation | Drawing

8. Are you an artist? Are you a painter or a draughtsman? Are you looking for a platform to showcase and sell your art online? ShowFlipper provides you such a platform! Join today! www.showflipper.com | Company Presentation | Drawing

9. About ShowFlipper Art Studio ShowFlipper Inc. has been a pioneer and champion of promoting artwork of emerging artists across the spectrum of Fine Art, Digital Art, Fabric Art, Sculpture, Jewelry and Books. We provide a selling and showcase platform for such artists and help in the promotion of their artwork across multiple online channels including social media. Participate in the SF Mega Contest and win prizes. www.showflipper.com | Company Presentation | Drawing

10. Thank You www.showflipper.com | Company Presentation | Drawing