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Role and Growth of Stems in Plants

Explore the functions of stems, including support, water transport, and asexual reproduction. Learn about herbaceous stems, primary and secondary growth, and the formation of tree rings. Discover the significance of earlywood and latewood in tree rings.

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Role and Growth of Stems in Plants

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  1. Possible functions of stems: • Supports leaves, flowers, and fruits • Ex. Tree branches • Conducts water, nutrients and products of photosynthesis to other parts of the plant. • Ex. Xylem and phloem in the stem Stems

  2. Functions continue… • Can store water Ex: cacti

  3. Can be responsible for asexual reproduction. Ex. Stem cuttings

  4. What is the meaning of herbaceous? Having a soft, green stem

  5. The meristem is responsible for continued growth of the plant. Stem Growth

  6. Growth in length Primary Growth

  7. Primary Growth

  8. Growth in width or diameter Stem Secondary Growth

  9. Secondary growth is responsible for tree ring formation. Stem Secondary Growth

  10. What causes the color differences in tree rings? Tree Rings

  11. Tree rings form due to growth that takes place during the year. Lighter color due to growth during Spring – favorable conditions Darker color due to growth during the summer – conditions less favorable Tree Rings

  12. The lighter color in a tree ring is known as earlywood. • It is produced early in the season. • Darker color is known as latewood or summer wood. Produced late in the season Tree Rings

  13. Scar from forest fire Early wood (Lighter ring) First year growth (pith) Rainy season (Rings far apart) (Rings far apart) Late wood Dry season (Rings close together) (Rings close together) (Darker ring) Early wood + Late wood = Tree ring

  14. Primary and Secondary Growth

  15. Tree Cookie Lab

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