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Study on therapeutic effects of combined treatments on rat glioma tumors through abscopal effect analysis and exponential tumor growth modeling.
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R E I G T TRADIO ELECTRO IMMUNO-GENE TUMOUR THERAPY Lund University, 221 85 LUND Sweden Bertil R.R. Persson PhD, MD h.c. Professor of medical radiation physics
Abscopal effect on subcutaneously implanted N29 rat gliomatumours, from contra-lateral treatments with pulsed electric fields, radiation therapy and immunization with syngeneic interferon-gamma secreting tumor cells.
Bertil R.R. Persson1,4), Catrin Bauréus Koch1,4), Gustav Grafström1,4), Crister Ceberg1,4), Bengt Widegren2,4) and Leif G. Salford3,4). Dept. Radiation Physics1), Dept of Tumor Immunology2) , Dept of Neurosurgery3) Rausing Laboratory4), Biomedical Centre, Lund University, 221 85 LUNDSweden Contact: bertil_r.persson@med.lu.se
N29 tumours inoculated Subcutaneously on both sides 200 000 cells 50 000 cells Only the right tumour was irradiated Bertil.Persson@radfys.lu.se
PEF treatment Bertil.Persson@radfys.lu.se
Radiation therapy (RT) 200 000 cells Only the right tumour was Irradiated with 60Co radiation Bertil.Persson@radfys.lu.se
Exponential Tumour Growth Model Tumour growth rate “TGR” is estimated from the tumour volume measurements by fitting the data of each individual tumour to a model of exponential growth where “TVt” is Tumour volume at time t t is time after first treatment. “TV0” is Tumour volume at time t = 0, “TGR” is tumour growth rate constant (% per day) Bertil.Persson@radfys.lu.se
Tumour growth rate of subcutaneous N29 tumours: Controls and after treatment with PEF, RT, IFN immunization or their combination Bertil.Persson@radfys.lu.se
Specific Therapeutic Effect “STE”is defined as follow. The average of the individual Tumour growth rate constant in the group of exposed rats. day-1 The average of the individual Tumour growth rate constant in the group of control rats. day-1 Bertil.Persson@radfys.lu.se
The STE is equal to 0 when the average of tumour growth rate constant of the exposed group, is equal to the average of the tumour growth rate constant of the control. The STE is equal to 1 when the average tumour growth rate constant of the exposed group, is equal to 0. Bertil.Persson@radfys.lu.se
Specific therapeutic effect of subcutaneous N29 tumorsafter RT, Immunization with IFN and their combination RT+ IFN . Bertil.Persson@radfys.lu.se
Therapeutic Enhancement Ratio. “TER” of the combined treatments is the ratio of the specific therapeutic effect “STE” of the experimental combination of Electrical pulses and radiation and the hypothetical combination of the two agents used independently where the hypothetical specific therapeutic effect by independent (additive) action of ionizing radiation and Electrical pulses is given by Bertil.Persson@radfys.lu.se
Therapeutic Enhancement Ratio “TER” is a measure of any synergistic or diminishing effect obtained in the combination of the two agents. TER > 1 may due to synergistic interaction of sub lethal lesions induced by both agents to produce more lethal events. Bertil.Persson@radfys.lu.se
Intracerebral implanted N29 tumours Bertil.Persson@radfys.lu.se
The rat glioma models N29 Stereotactic implantation of 500 cells in in the brain (caudate n.) 6-7 weeks later, a tumour (diam. 4-6 mm) giving symptoms, has developed In vitro culture of rat glioma cells Bertil.Persson@radfys.lu.se Salford 99
Immunization against experimentally induced brain tumour N29 brain tumour cells N29 brain tumour cells Transfected with IFN- gene IMMUNIZATION Stereotactic injection of 5000 cells Day 7 Radiation therapy Day 0 Day 7, 21, 35 By ip incection of 10 million cells Day 100 2 out of 8 dead! 6 out of 7 dead Day 100 Immuneresp Bertil.Persson@radfys.lu.se
Survival diagram for the different treatments Bertil.Persson@radfys.lu.se
Intracerebral implanted N32 tumours Bertil.Persson@radfys.lu.se
Survival diagram for the different treatments Bertil.Persson@radfys.lu.se
Change in Mean survival time Bertil.Persson@radfys.lu.se
Table I. Tumour Growth rate ”TGR” of subcutaneous tumours implanted on both Right and Left hind leg. The right tumour was treated with radiation (RT). Average of all experiments Bertil.Persson@radfys.lu.se
Number of Survivals and mean survival time of intra cerebral tumours treated with IFN cell immunization, radiation therapy and their combination. Bertil.Persson@radfys.lu.se
Log TV of Controls Bertil.Persson@radfys.lu.se
Number of rats dead and alive in the various groups of treatment at 130 days after inoculation . Bertil.Persson@radfys.lu.se
Mean survival time at 130 days after inoculation in the various groups of treatment. Bertil.Persson@radfys.lu.se