Literary Terms Notes

1. Literary Terms Notes These terms will be referred to regularly as we study literature this year. Please keep this list of words in your notebook.

2. Literary Terms Notes Conflict • the struggle or problem between two (or more) people or forces found in fiction • Man v. – struggle between two characters • Man v. – struggle between a few and the majority • Man v.– struggle between a character and an uncontrollable natural force • Man v.– internal struggle

3. Plot Elements • – beginning of the story, including setting and characterization • – time and place of the story • – introduction to characters through what they say about themselves, what others reveal about them, their appearance, and/or their thoughts

4. Plot Elements • – events leading up to the climax, development of the conflict(s) • – turning point, which determines the outcome of the conflict • – events that take place after the climax • – the conclusion of the story

5. Climax Falling Action Rising Action Plot Element Chart

6. Point of View • perspective from which the story is told. If the narrator knows everything that is going on he/she is omniscient • person – told from the perspective of a character in the story. Narrator can only relate what he/she experiences, hears about, or sees • person - narrator speaks directly to the reader • person – telling the story from the perspective of an onlooker (narrator sounds like the author)

7. Stylistic Devices • – action that interrupts to show an event that happened at an earlier time, which is necessary to better understand the story • – use of hints or clues to suggest what will happen later • – descriptive language that evokes one or all of the five senses: sight, sound, taste, smell, touch • – putting two contradictory words together (jumbo shrimp)

8. Stylistic Devices • _____________________ –A word or ending line of text that has the same ending sounds. • Example: I speak in __________, all of the time. • ____________________ – The repetition of the initial sound of a word. • Example: Heidi Henry had a hard hat. • ____________________ – The group of readers to whom a piece is directed. The audience may be one person, a small group, or a large group.

9. Stylistic Devices • ________________________– A word whose sound suggests the use of the word. • Example: buzz, hiss, swoosh, squirt, drip • ________________________ – Words that sound the same but are spelled differently and have a different meaning. • Example: there, their, they’re • ________________________ – Words that are spelled the same but have a different meaning. • Example: bow (and arrow) or bow(of a ship)

10. Stylistic Devices • ________________________ – Words that have the same or nearly the same meaning. • Example: big, large, huge, gigantic • ________________________ – Words that have the opposite meaning. • Example: hot and cold, tall and short • ________________________– The author or the voice that tells the story. • ________________________ – A reference to something or someone not in the story, that the reader is supposed to be able to understand.

11. Stylistic Devices • __ __________ – the general idea or insight about life that a writer wishes to express • _____ ________ – the attitude a writer takes towards a subject or character: serious, humorous, sarcastic, ironic, satirical, tongue-in-cheek, solemn, objective, etc. • ________ – story or play that ends in death • _____ ___– story or play that ends in love, marriage or a celebration

12. Connotation vs. Denotation • – This is the literal definition without the feelings or emotions that a word can invoke in a person. • Example: _____- a physical location where you live. • Example: ____- A feline with four legs, paws, a tail, whiskers.

13. Connotation vs. Denotation • –The implied meaning of a word. How it is used in. Images, feelings & thoughts you have when you hear the word. • Example: - A place a security, comfort, and family. It could have cozy and safe feelings associated with it. • Example:-An animal that scratches, bites, destroys the furniture, and meows loudly. Or, an animal that is furry, warm, caring, and sits on your lap to cuddle when you have had a bad day.

14. Fact vs. Opinion A _____ is something that is __________. It can be _________. It will not vary from one person to another. Examples: The sun is made of gas The desk is made of wood The chairs in this classroom are blue The apple is red

15. Fact vs. Opinion ______- A person’s (or group of people)__________ __________about a particular subject. Other people (or other groups of people) might ____ __________ with this statement. Examples: _____________________ This apple is delicious Chocolate ice cream is the best kind of ice cream.

16. Literal vs. Figurative Language • _______ __________It means exactly what it says. It is literal and precise in what it is communicating. • Examples: Romeo and Juliet died at the end of the play. Jonathan wore sunglasses to class last week.

17. Literal vs. Figurative Language • ___________ ________ It ____ ___mean exactly what it says. It departs from literal language for the sake of comparison, emphasis, or clarity. • Examples: Juliet is as bright as the sun My computer died He is the shining star of our school • Types of figurative language include ______, _______, __________, _________& ______

18. Types of Figurative Language • _______ – comparison of two unlike things using ____ or __. • Examples: her home was like a ______ as hungry as a bear as sharp as a razor as hot as the sun

19. Types of Figurative Language • ________ – comparison of two unlike things using the verb “__ __" and not using like or as. • Examples time is money he has a heart of stone life is a rollercoaster her home was a _______ & she felt like she was trapped there for 18 years.

20. Types of Figurative Language • _______________ – giving human qualities to animals or objects. • Examples The flowers _______ Fear knocked on the door The bathroom begged to be cleaned The sun is jealous of Juliet’s beauty

21. Types of Figurative Language • _________ – extreme exaggeration or overstatement for the purpose of understanding. It is NOT intended to be taken literally. Examples: I am so hungry I’d eat a horse. The line was a ____ ______. He has tons of money. He is as big as an elephant.

22. Types of Figurative Language • ______ –The use of words to express something other than their literal meaning. It usually expresses the opposite of the literal meaning & is often humorous. Examples: The procrastinator’s meeting has been postponed. The name of England’s largest dog was Tiny.

23. Types of Text • Expository- ___________ text. Tells how to do something. The purpose is to inform. • Narrative.- Purpose is to tell a _________. The text has characters, plot, setting, and often has a narrator too. Examples: ________________ is a narrative text. Credit Cards vs. Debit Cards is an ______________ text.