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Web Server Administration

Web Server Administration. Chapter 1 The Basics of Server and Web Server Administration. Web Server Administration Overview. Web Services. ISP. Public Internet. Internal Users. LAN. WAN. Is everything on the Internet a web service?.

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Web Server Administration

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  1. Web Server Administration Chapter 1 The Basics of Server and Web Server Administration

  2. Web Server AdministrationOverview Web Services ISP Public Internet Internal Users LAN WAN

  3. Is everything on the Internet a web service? • Officially, where the Internet uses the HTTP protocol, it is called the Web • Web servers use HTTP to communicate • Web clients are called browsers • Browsers have come to offer much more than HPPT • Is it available through a browser?

  4. Web Services and Applications Include • Web Sites (Static and Dynamic) • FTP • DNS • Email (Now that all email servers provide web-based clients) • Application servers • Synchronous communications

  5. Web server Administration • Depending on the size of the organization, some tasks may be delegated • Web page development • Database design • Programming • E-mail administration • Security

  6. Providing Web Services to Users… • …requires a applications and protocols • These are written in web programming languages • If content is dynamic a DBMS is required • All of this sits on a platform • …connected to the world • …and secured by firewalls and access control policies.

  7. Applications and Protocols • Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) • Web servers implement this protocol • Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP) • Used by e-mail servers (and sometimes Web servers) to send e-mail • Post Office Protocol Version 3 (POP3) • Used to retrieve e-mail • Internet Message Access Protocol (IMAP) • Used to connect to a mail server

  8. Applications and Protocols • File Transfer Protocol (FTP) • Transfers files to and from server • Domain Name Service (DNS) • Translates host names to IP addresses and IP addresses to host names • Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) • Provides error messages

  9. Key Protocols • Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) • Creates a reliable connection between two computers • User Datagram Protocol (UDP) • Does not establish a connection, just sends messages • Internet Protocol (IP) • Provides addressing scheme

  10. Web Programming Languages • Web server administrators need to install programming languages • Web developers use a variety of languages • Active Server Pages (ASP) • Original language from Microsoft • ASP.Net • A newer environment that includes many languages • Java Server Pages (JSP)

  11. Web Programming Languages • Non-Microsoft languages are popular, even on Microsoft Web servers • Perl – one of the first and still popular • PHP – easy to use • Java Server Pages (JSP) • Macromedia ColdFusion

  12. DBMS • A database management system (DBMS) is used to store data used with Web pages • Microsoft Access is appropriate for small sites • Microsoft SQL Server, Oracle 9i, and MySQL are sophisticated DBMSs for larger sites • Standard Query Language (SQL) is the language used to communicate with the DBMS

  13. What is a Platform? • Windows NT (IIS 4) • IIS (Internet Information Server) was added in the mid-1990s, and support for ASP was added later • Windows 2000 (IIS 5) • IIS part of the OS from the beginning • .NET Framework add-on allows use of ASP.NET • Windows Server 2003 (IIS 6) • .NET Framework integrated into OS

  14. Other Microsoft Server Products • Application Center • Allows you to manage a cluster of servers as if it is one server • Biztalk Server • Connects to your business partners using XML • Commerce Server • Builds e-commerce sites in a short amount of time • Internet Security and Acceleration Server • Combines a firewall product with a Web cache • Operations Manager • Helps decrease support costs for a server environment • SharePoint Portal Server • Set up a site that is highly personalized

  15. Apache on UNIX/Linux • UNIX was introduced in 1969 • Linux is from the early 1990s • Based on MINIX • Three basic components • Kernel – central portion of OS • File system – provides input and output mechanisms • Shell – provides user interface

  16. Apache on Linux • Source code is freely available • Developers can make changes • Available from a number of organizations • Red Hat • Mandrake • SuSe

  17. Connecting Your LAN to the Internet • Your ISP connects to the Internet • A WAN connection is used between your building and the ISP • A T-Carrier connection is often used • A digital connection for voice and data

  18. Connecting to the Internet

  19. Common T-Carrier Connections

  20. Other ways to Connect to the Internet • Integrated services digital network (ISDN) • Dial-up access • Basic Rate Interface (BRI) up to 128 Kbps • Primary Rate Interface (PRI) up to 1.544 Mbps • Digital Subscriber Line (DSL) • Often differing speeds for uploads and downloads • Depending on type, up to 6.1 Mbps for downloads and 1.544 Mbps for uploads • Cable Modem • Shared access cable provided by cable TV company

  21. Web Hosting Options • Standard hosting • Your site resides on the same computer with many other sites • Cheapest solution • Dedicated server • You have a server that only you use • Co-location • Your own server is physically located at the company that does your Web hosting

  22. Establishing Access Control • Users need just enough access to do their jobs, but not more • Typically, users are organized into groups, and groups are given access to network resources • Users can be given different access to the same resources • A document can be read by everyone but modified by only specific people

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