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Bioethanol

Bioethanol. BIOLOGY. Taiyo Hamada. What is Ethanol ?. Ethanol - also known as ethyl alcohol Its the intoxicating agent in fermented and distilled liquors; used pure or denatured as a solvent. Ethanol from corn.

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Bioethanol

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  1. Bioethanol

  2. BIOLOGY Taiyo Hamada

  3. What is Ethanol ? • Ethanol - also known as ethyl alcohol • Its the intoxicating agent in fermented and distilled liquors; used pure or denatured as a solvent

  4. Ethanol from corn • It is made by yeast from sugars. Fuel ethanol is highly concentrated to remove the water and blended with other compounds.  • It is done from the process called fermentation, yeast produces CO2 after eating sugars and produce ethanol as a waste.

  5. Ethanol pollution • Ethanol is releasing lots of carbon monoxide and also Volatile organic compounds (VOC) is being released by the ethanol plants, this is  dangerous and pollutes the water supplies.   • The FUMES are produced when fermented corn is dried and selling for sale as a food for animal. Thermal oxidizers can be attached to the plants to burn off the dangerous gases. • fume = a gas or vapor that smells strongly or is dangerous to inhale.

  6. Self Reflection • Pros - Its worse doing it as a group because we could easily communicate through the skype, facebook, and wikispace. • we could talk to each other and cooperate for the work. You can easily get help from others and hear their suggestions against your work or you can suggest them what to do to make it better.  • Cons - It is sometimes hard to contact to each other due to someone`s situation, it also requires lots of internet works and computers, it won`t be helpful without the labtop at home. Time managing was hard because we all live in a different place.

  7. BIOLOGY II Stephen Huang

  8. Biodiversities Affected By Climate Change in Rainforests • Changes in weather patterns, rainfall distribution, and temperature • Sea levels may rise • Many communities will need to migrate • Lizard species • Medicines

  9. Biodiversities of Ethanol Fermentation • Food shortages • and you can prob mention the fodder thing i said. Rainforests cut down to make corn fields, which leads to the destruction of the habitat. Loss of the plants that make up the habitat, inhabitatsthat no longer have a habitat to live in and therefore cant survive

  10. Reflections • PROS: Communication overall was smooth. We have used Skype and Facebook to communicate in live-time, which proved to be very successful. Cooperation among team members was excellent. • CONS: Difficulty following our deadlines; lack of familiarity of the site

  11. CHEMISTRY Suyeon So

  12. Property of Ethanol • Molecular formula: C2H50H • Colorless, inflammable liquid • Burns with smokeless blue flame • Hydroxyl group  Hydrogen Bonding • Ethylene Hydration and Fermentation • Flash point: 13°C • Density: 0.789 g/cm3

  13. Property of Gasoline • Molecular formula: C8H18 • Yellow color, volatile and inflammable liquid • Vaporizes at the low temperature • Burns with black smoke and red flame • Oil refineries (distillation) • Flash point: 43°C • Density: 0.720 g/cm3

  14. Combustion of Ethanol • C2H50H(l) + 3O2(g) 2CO2(g) + 3H20(l) • 50 L of Ethanol ≈ 50000cm3 • 50000cm3 × 0.789g/cm3 = 39450g • Number of Ethanol moles: 39450÷46.08 ≈ 856.120 moles • Mole ratio of Ethanol and CO2 gas – 1:2 • Number of CO2 moles: 1712.240 moles • Amount of CO2 gas produced 1712.240 mol × 44.01g = 75355.6824g ≈ 75.356 kg

  15. Combustion of Gasoline 35.574 kg MORE!! • C8H18(l)+ 12.5 O2(g) = 8CO2(g) + 9H2O(l) • 50L of Gasoline ≈ 50000cm3 • 50000cm3 × 0.720g/cm3 = 36000g • Number of Gasoline moles: 36000÷114.26 ≈ 315.071 moles • Mole ratio of Gasoline and CO2 gas – 1:8 • Number of CO2 moles: 2520.568 moles • Amount of CO2 gas produced 2520.568mol × 44.01g = 110930.198g ≈ 110.930 kg

  16. Self Reflection • Pros • Good communication: making decisions for topic and division of work went smoothly • Cooperation: increased efficiency of work and reduced time spent for the project • Cons • Confusion: no rubric, problems in using wiki page • Conjunction between topics: hard to separate it in to two parts

  17. PHYSICS Aileen Frotten

  18. Efficiency of Energy • 2.6 gallons of corn  1 gallon of ethanol • 131,000 BTU = corn production, conversion to 1 gallon pure ethanol. • 3 sets of distillation processes to separate 8% ethanol from 92% water. More treatment+energy to produce ethanol (99.8% pure) • 77,000 BTU = energy 1 gallon ethanol provides 131,000 - 77,000 = 54,000 BTU net energy loss It takes more energy to produce the ethanol than the ethanol actually provides! EXTREMELY inefficient!

  19. Ethanol Fermentation and Purification Experiment • Aim: To ferment and purify home-made ethanol to make it as pure as possible, in order to understand the energy required to produce ethanol

  20. Fermentation • Ingredients: Corn Starch (90.7g), Sugar (90.7g), Water (757ml), Yeast (2g) Process: Combine and mix measured ingredientsPour into sealed container (I used pet bottle) Place in warm environment(near 30°C) for 50 hours Approximately 940.4 mL total!

  21. Purification • Procedure:Place filter paper in funnelPlace funnel over conical flaskFilter ethanol through the funnel, and observe the purified product in the flask.Double-distill the solution using powdered active charcoalFilter once more in a separate set of flasks and funnelsRemove sugar from ethanol solution using condenserPart 2: CondenserKeep cool water running through the condenser through the two openingsSet a tube with a cork on one end on the end of the condenserPlace a sample of the double-purified ethanol on top of the hot plate in a beaker, and put the corked end of the tube in the beakerCollect the ethanol that has undergone the entire procedure at the opposite end of the condenser.

  22. Comparison: Water to Ethanol Density Gradient Y=-0.00241x+1.01

  23. Experiment Results Average Density of our purified ethanol = 0.9712 Density = Mass/Volume Volume is a constant (10cm cubed) • Final mass: 26/50 mL • Ratio: x/940.4mL • X=489.008 mL • This means that 48% of the entire process became waste! Y=-0.00241x+1.01 0.9712=-0.00241x+1.01 X=16.10% All of this effort only led to 16.1% pure ethanol!

  24. Self Reflection • Pros: Overall very smooth communication, integration of ideas and suggestions, consistent work • Cons: More communication with FISNIS, lack of Wikispace daily checks, confusion of final compilation method

  25. Bibliography http://www.thegreencarwebsite.co.uk/blog/index.php/bioethanol-the-advantages-and-disadvantages/ http://timeforchange.org/cause-and-effect-for-global-warming http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DeVT7jMYZlo www.jti.se/uploads/Edstrom2.pdf http://www.doe.gov.ph/AF/Bioethanol.htm http://www.theglobalwarmingstatistics.org/global-warming-articles/bioethanol-a-renewable-fuel http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LUwAkqHe5Sk http://www.tutorvista.com/content/chemistry/chemistry-ii/carbon-compounds/ethanol-properties.php http://healthandenergy.com/ethanol.htm http://www.i-sis.org.uk/ECBNESEB.php http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2007/10/071010120538.htm http://zfacts.com/p/60.html http://venturebeat.com/2007/01/15/ethanol-use-causing-corn-shortages-spiking-price-price-of-tortillas/ http://www.newenergyworldnetwork.com/alternative-energy-analysis/ethanol-production-and-corn-demand-will-grow-with-or-without-subsidy-new-report-claims.html

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