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Filler Addition

Filler Addition . Effect of Coal Combustion Products on High Temperature Performance of Asphalt Mastics Research Team: Emil G. Bautista, Justin Flickinger , Clayton Cloutier , Craig Vindedahl , Konstatin Sobolev , Ahmed Faheem , Rajan Saha. Benefits of Fly Ash.

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Filler Addition

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  1. Filler Addition • Effect of Coal Combustion Products on High Temperature Performance of Asphalt Mastics • Research Team:Emil G. Bautista, Justin Flickinger, Clayton Cloutier, Craig Vindedahl, • KonstatinSobolev, Ahmed Faheem, RajanSaha Benefits of Fly Ash The mineral filler can affect hot-mix asphalt concrete in a number of ways: • Stiffen the asphalt cement • Extend the asphalt cement (can be called as bitumen extension) • Moisture resistance improvement of the mix • Affect the aging characteristics of the mix • Affect the workability and compaction characteristics of the mix • Performance • Increases stiffness • Improved rutting resistance • Improved durability • Cost • Less expensive compared to other mineral fillers • Other • Reduced potential for asphalt stripping • Impact on the environment Experimental Program • 15 Coal Combustion By-Products (CCP) • 4 Class C • 7 Class F • 4 Spray Drying Agent (SDA) • 2 Reference Fillers • Limestone – Typically used in HMA • 2 Asphalt binders • PG58-28 • PG64-28

  2. Rheological/DSR Testing • Test conducted • Temperature Sweep • Parameters measured • G* (complex modulus) is a measure of the overall resistance to deformation under dynamic shear loading • G*r (relative stiffness) is the relative stiffness (mastic G*/binder G*) • Stiffening Rate is the slope of the G*r at a given filler concentration (Fc) • The Phase Angle is a measure of the proportions of the overall resistance caused by the viscous response and by the elastic response • d = 0°  completely elastic (recoverable) • d= 90°  completely viscous (non-recoverable) Dynamic Shear Rheometer (DSR)

  3. Conclusions • The stiffness increase by the addition of 5% fly ash is not significant for both types of binders, with the increase below 50%. • The addition of 10%, 15% and higher volumes of CCP significantly increases the stiffness of mastics. However, 15% addition of fly ash has almost 100% increase in stiffness for some types of fly ash (KC01, KC02, TA09, TA10, WP03 and DL16) tested with PG 64-28 binder at a temperature 64 C. • The addition of CCPs demonstrates an increase in rutting resistance for both binders with a significant increase for the 10% and 15% dosages. • An increase in the binder grade has been observed on all CCPs when mixed with PG58-28 at 15% concentration. Also an increase in the binder grade was observed for most CCPs when mixed with PG64-28 at 15% concentration. The CCPs that did not provide an increase in the grade when mixed with PG64-28 were KC06-C, WE07-F, TA11-F and LG14-F. It is important to notice that when mixed with PG64-28 all SDAs provided an increase in the binder grade. • Rigden voids values have the highest effect on mastic stiffness as supported by rheological investigation. Physical properties, such as D10, D50 and D90 have a very small effect on stiffening. Surface area has an effect of increasing stiffness for both binders. • It has been also observed that LOI, calcium oxide and sulfite have an effect of increasing stiffness for both binder types. On the other hand, the presence of aluminum and iron oxides in CCPs have an effect of decreasing stiffness which can be interpreted as an indication of plasticizing (softening) for both types of binders.

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