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Grid Connection Issues

Grid Connection Issues. Micro Hydro Projects Rachel Hodges. Where, and how suitable is the ‘Grid’?. Tend to be in awkward locations Consider during initial feasibility Can be a go/no-go decision maker. Look at: Distance Single / 3 Phase Voltage Local Loads Switchgear and Ratings

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Grid Connection Issues

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  1. Grid Connection Issues Micro Hydro Projects Rachel Hodges

  2. Where, and how suitable is the ‘Grid’? • Tend to be in awkward locations • Consider during initial feasibility • Can be a go/no-go decision maker Look at: Distance Single / 3 Phase Voltage Local Loads Switchgear and Ratings Accommodation

  3. Synchronising • Synchronous Machine • Need inverters and controllers to match frequency of the grid • Need to consider harmonic content • Can operate in islanded system • Asynchronous or Induction Machines • Automatically match frequency of the grid • Need power factor control (switchable capacitors or DFIG)

  4. G83 versus G59 G83 G59 For up to 5MW at 20kV Connection application, connection offer and witness testing required. • For up to 16A per phase (6kW at Low Voltage) • Equipment G83 Certification • Notify the Distribution Network Operator (DNO)

  5. Connection Application • DNO will look at: • Transformer and connection capacity • Abnormal feed conditions • Fault Levels • Voltage Rise (P28) • Voltage Step Change, Flicker and Harmonics (G5/4) • Loss of Mains (Islanding) Protection and Earthing (G59)

  6. Connection Offer • Can take up to 90 days • Connection offer will indicate: • Non-contestable work and costs (to be undertaken by DNO) • Contestable work (undertaken by accredited 3rd party or DNO) • Constraints • Timeframes

  7. G59 Protection • Under and Over Voltage • Under and Over Frequency • Loss of Mains (ROCOF, Vector Shift, Intertripping)

  8. Metering • ROCs • Import / Export • Export MPAN from Supplier • Power Purchase Agreements • Benefits of Onsite Generation

  9. Grid Connection Issues Micro Hydro Projects Rachel Hodges

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