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Introducing a new check character scheme and version identifier for e-Passports to enhance security and compatibility with existing systems, minimizing disruptions and errors in Machine-Readable Travel Documents (MRTDs).
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“e-Passport” Indicator: Version identifier & new check character scheme in MRTDs TAG/15 Montreal May 17-21, 2004
DCFWG task To indicate in the MRZ, the presence of the chip. e ANY change to the MRZ will be disruptive.
Initial suggestions Document type “PE” Document Type Country of Issue Name PEUSATRAVELER<<HAPPY<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<< 150000003 5 USA5609165M 081115 0 <<<<<<<<<<<< 0 8 Sex Check Digit Check Digit Date of Birth Date of Expiry Check Digit Check Digit Check Digit Optional Data Document Number Country of Citizenship Confusion - existing use Loss of present valid use
Initial suggestions Document type “E” Document Type Country of Issue Name E<USATRAVELER<<HAPPY<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<< 150000003 5 USA5609165M 081115 0 <<<<<<<<<<<< 0 8 Sex Check Digit Check Digit Date of Birth Date of Expiry Check Digit Check Digit Check Digit Optional Data Document Number Country of Citizenship Existing readers & systems incompatible Maximum disruption
Initial suggestions Document Type Use optional field Country of Issue Name P<USATRAVELER<<HAPPY<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<< 150000003 5 USA5609165M 081115 0 <<<<<<<<<<<E 0 8 Sex Check Digit Check Digit Date of Birth Date of Expiry Check Digit Check Digit Check Digit Optional Data Document Number Country of Citizenship Optional field has existing uses
DCFWG questions 1. How can presence of chip be indicated in MRZ? - Least disruption - Backwards compatibility 2. How can MRZ reading be made more accurate & reliable?
MRZ layout Coloured fields have limited error detection Document Type Country of Issue Name P<USATRAVELER<<HAPPY<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<< USAM 150000003 5 150000003 5 560916 5 560916 5 081115 0 081115 0 <<<<<<<<<<<< 0 <<<<<<<<<<<< 0 8 8 Sex Check Digit Check Digit Date of Birth Date of Expiry Check Digit Check Digit Optional Data Document Number Country of Citizenship Overall Check Digit Uncoloured fields have NO error detection
Proposal by DCFWG: Mandatory adoption of a new MRZ check character scheme and version identifier. (i) identify the MRP as an e-Passport (ii) overcome the limitations of the present check digit scheme (iii) make the OCR reading more secure (iv) open the way for future improvements of the MRZ by introducing a version identifier
Version identifier & check characters First version: number “1” Document Type Country of Issue Three check characters: “XXX” Name P<USATRAVELER<<HAPPY<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<< 150000003 5 USA5609165M 081115 0 <<<<<<<<<<<< 0 8 Sex Check Digit Check Digit Date of Birth Date of Expiry Check Digit Check Digit Check Digit Optional Data Document Number Country of Citizenship Where?
Check characters - calculation 1. All MRZ characters (=85, less 3 positions check characters occupy!) 2. Convert alpha: ‘A’=10, ‘B’=11...’Z’=35,’<‘=36 25,36,30,28,10,29,27,10,31,14,21,14,27,36,36,17,10,25,25,34,36,36........ P<USATRAVELER<<HAPPY<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<< 1500000035USA5609165M0811150<<<<<<<<<<<<<<08 P<USATRAVELER<<HAPPY<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<< USA M <<<<<<<<<<<<<< 30,28,10 22 36,36,36,36,36........ 3. CC1 = (25+36+30+28+.......+8) modulus 37 = 30 => U 4. CC2 = (25x1+36x2+30x3+..+8x85) modulus 37 = 8 => 8 5. CC3 = (25x1+36x1+30x1+..+36x2+36x2+..+0x3+8x3) modulus 37 = 25 => P New check characters are ‘U8P’
Check characters - properties 1. Reliably identify up to 3 errors if positions unknown 2. Correct 1 error if position unknown 3. Correct 2 errors if positions known P<USATRAVFLER<<HAPPV<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<< 1500000O35USA5609165M0811150<<<<<<<<<<<<<<08 P<USATRAVELER<<HAPPY<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<< 1500000035U5A5609165M0811750<<<<<<<<<<<<<<08 P<USATRAVELER<<HAPPY<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<< 1500000035USA5609165M0811150<<<<<<<<<<<<<<08 P<USATRAVELER<<HAPPY<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<< 1500000035USA5609165M0811150<<<<<<<<<<<<<<08 P<USATRAVELER<<HAPPY<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<< 1500000035USA5609165M0811150<<<<<<<<<<<<<<08 P<USATRAVELER<<HAPPV<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<< 1500000035USA5609165M0811150<<<<<<<<<<<<<<08 P<USATRAVELER<<HAPPY<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<< 1500000035U5A5609165M0811750<<<<<<<<<<<<<<08 P<USATRAVELER<<HAPPY<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<< 1500000035USA5609165M0811150<<<<<<<<<<<<<<08 P<USATRAVELER<<HAPPV<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<< 1500000035USA5609165M0811150<<<<<<<<<<<<<<08 P<USATRAVFLER<<HAPPV<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<< 1500000O35USA5609165M0811150<<<<<<<<<<<<<<08
Where? Where to place the version identifier & check characters? “1” and “U8P” P<USATRAVELER<<HAPPY<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<< 150000003 5 USA5609165M 081115 0 <<<<<<<<<<<< 0 8 Maximize compatibility with existing systems
Initial suggestion 1 Document Type Use optional field Country of Issue Name P<USATRAVELER<<HAPPY<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<< 150000003 5 USA5609165M 081115 0 <<<<<<<<1U8P 0 8 Sex Check Digit Check Digit Date of Birth Date of Expiry Check Digit Check Digit Check Digit Optional Data Document Number Country of Citizenship Optional field has existing uses
Initial suggestion 2 Replace existing check digits Document Type Country of Issue Name P<USATRAVELER<<HAPPY<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<< 150000003 UUSA5609168M 081115 P <<<<<<<<<<<< 0 1 Sex VERSION NUMBER Date of Birth Date of Expiry CHECK CHARACTER CHECK CHARACTER CHECK CHARACTER Optional Data Document Number Country of Citizenship Better check character scheme - education Better technical solution Existing readers are incompatible
DCFWG preferred option Use end of “Name” field Document Type Country of Issue Name P<USATRAVELER<<HAPPY<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<1U8P 150000003 5 USA5609165M 081115 0 <<<<<<<<<<<< 0 8 Sex Check Digit Check Digit Date of Birth Date of Expiry Check Digit Check Digit Check Digit Optional Data Document Number Country of Citizenship Existing check digits still functional Name field may be corrupted for existing readers
“e-Passport” Indicator: Version identifier & new check character scheme in MRTDs END TAG/15 Montreal May 17-21, 2004
DCFWG option B Version identifier only Document Type Country of Issue Name P<USATRAVELER<<HAPPY<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<1 150000003 5 USA5609165M 081115 0 <<<<<<<<<<<< 0 8 Sex Check digit Check digit Check digit Check digit Date of Birth Date of Expiry Check digit Optional Data Document Number Country of Citizenship Reliance on one character only Minimum disruption
