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Chapter 10

Chapter 10. Synthesis of the PFD from the Generic BFD. It is a common human trait to resist change more strongly as more effort is expended on a task, design, or product. We describe this as not wanting to abandon our “investment” in the activity. Information Needs and Sources.

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Chapter 10

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  1. Chapter 10 Synthesis of the PFD from the Generic BFD

  2. It is a common human trait to resist change more strongly as more effort is expended on a task, design, or product. We describe this as not wanting to abandon our “investment” in the activity.

  3. Information Needs and Sources • Interactions with other engineers and scientists. • Reaction kinetics data.-main and by products, catalysts,patents. Without kinetics data a prelim PFD and cost analysis can be done.(~.10kg product/kg catalyst per hour. Ea 40-200kJ/mol) • Physical property data-material and energy balances

  4. Reactor Section • Phase of the reacton • Temperature and pressure ranges • Controlled by kinetics or equilibrium • Need a solid catalyst or is it homogeneous • Exothermic or endothermic (magnitude) • Side reactions and selectivity • Single pass conversion. • Reactor feed outside the explosive limits fro gas-phase oxidations

  5. General guidelines for choosing separation operations • Table 10.1 Guidelines for choosing separation units. • Table 10.2 Guidelines for sequencing separation units.

  6. Sequencing Distillation Columns • Figure 10.1 • Azeotropes- figure 10.4

  7. Feed preparation • Heat exchangers • Pumps • Compressors • Exothermic reaction feed temperatures need to be high in order to prevent reactor runaway due to buildup of unreacted material and cause a severe temperature spike.

  8. Recycle Section • Should be at same conditions of feed when combined.

  9. Environmental Control Section • Minimize or eliminate

  10. Major process control loops • Significant design improvements can occur through developing major control loops. • They provide focal points for optimizing the process.

  11. Flow Summary Table. • See Chapter 1

  12. Major Equipment Summary Table • See chapter 1.

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