Unit 3

1. Unit 3 A healthy life Using language (1)

2. What are the three biggest killers in the world at present? • heart disease • cancer • AIDS

3. What do HIV and AIDS stand for? HIV is the short form for Human Immunodeficiency Virus. AIDS stand for Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome.

4. What is the difference between HIV and AIDS? HIV is a virus that can live in the body for some time – occasionally many years – without symptoms being present. Even though they may not be showing symptoms, a person with HIV can infect others.

5. AIDS is the stage of the disease when the person’s immune system is weakened to such a degree that he/she develops many different diseases which are eventually fatal.

6. What’s a virus? A virus is a small infectious agentthat causes disease.

7. How much do you know about HIV / AIDS? • Do the quiz. • HIV is the same thing as AIDS. a. true b. false • You can catch HIV from toilets and from mosquitoes. a. true b. false • Which of the following is NOT true? • a. Sharing a needle for a tattoo might give you • HIV. b. Sharing a needle for piercing might give • you HIV. c. Donating blood might give you HIV. b b c

8. a • A person who looks healthy _____. a. can't possibly have the HIV virus b. might have the HIV virus c. probably doesn't have the HIV virus • 5. A person who looks healthy _____. • a. can't possibly have the HIV virus • b. might have the HIV virus • c. probably doesn't have the HIV virus • 6. It is possible for an HIV infected mother to pass the virus on to her unborn child. • a. true b. false b a

9. Reading and discussing HIV/AIDS: Are you at risk?

10. Fast reading How many parts is the text divided into? Three.

11. Tick the words and expressions mentioned in it. ( ) flu virus ( ) SARS virus ( ) survival ( ) immune system ( ) mosquito ( ) prejudice ( ) homosexual( ) danger

12. Fast reading • The word “homosexuals” means______. • A. people only attracted by the same sex • B. people who don’t care about • themselves • C. people who are very sexy • D. people who often have sex A

13. 2. We can infer from the passage that __________. A. HIV is equal to AIDS B. HIV is different from AIDS C. AIDS virus can spread through air D. You can have HIV in your blood for quite a long time B

14. 3. In order to stay safe, you ____________. A. should not use the needle someone else has used B. have to avoid using anything else that the person has used while injecting drugs C. should use a condom if you have sex with one infected with AIDS D. All of the above D

15. Discuss these questions in small groups. Did you learn anything new from reading the text? Has it changed your attitude towards people suffering from HIV / AIDS? Who do you think this poster is written for? Where might you read such a poster?

16. Don’t look down upon • them. • Show love and care to • them. • Help them fight fear, • shame and injustice • (unfair).

17. World AIDS Day, 365 Days a Year Every December 1st is a day of understanding, care, and hope about HIV and AIDS. Still it is the mission of AIDS.ORG to educate people how to protect themselves against HIV each and every day of the year.

18. How much do you know about the AIDS red ribbon? The red ribbon is an international symbol of AIDS awareness that is worn by people all year round and particularly around World AIDS Day to demonstrate care and concern about HIV and AIDS, and to remind others of the need for their support and commitment.

19. Language points 1. HIV / AIDS: Are you at risk? at risk 处境危险；遭遇危险 The disease is spreading and all children under 5 are at risk. put … at risk 使…处于危险中 at-risk adj.处于危险中的

20. 2. If you develop AIDS, your chances of survival are very small. chance在这里的意思是“可能性,希望”。 We have a good chance of winning the game. chance作名词还可意为“偶然;运气；机遇”。 by chance偶然地，碰巧

21. 3. Here are some things you can do to make sure you stay safe. stay在这里是系动词，意思是“保持(某种状态)”，后面接形容词作表语。 The temperature has stayed high this week. I hope the weather will stay fine. 常见的系动词有：become, turn, touch, get, remain, keep, appear, prove, seem, look等。

22. Complete the sentences using a phrase from the box. Two phrases are unwanted. become accustomed to, be ashamed of, due to in spite of, take risks, at risk, feel like, stand for, return from, get into, be addicted to, decide on • Computers can never replace people  __________ their advantages. • We all know that the letters PRC ________ the People’s Republic of China. • 3. I have already ___________________ the climate for I’ve lived here for 10 years. in spite of stand for become accustomed to

23. become accustomed to, be ashamed of, due to in spite of, take risks, at risk, feel like, stand for, return from, get into, be addicted to, decide on 4. The wind has been blowing violently for over an hour, so all the ships at sea are _________. 5. There is no need to ____________ a      panic; everything will be all right.6. The professor who just ____________ the USA was invited to give a lecture in the university. at risk get into returned from

24. become accustomed to, be ashamed of, due to in spite of, take risks, at risk, feel like, stand for, return from, get into, be addicted to, decide on 7. What worries the mother is that her son ____________ computer games.8. They have __________ the date to leave for Hainan for the winter holiday. 9. You should ___________ yourself for lying like that.10. The success of the game was largely      ________ his wonderful performance. is addicted to decided on be ashamed of due to

25. Listening and speaking

26. Discussion Are there any discos, karaoke bars or nightclubs in your district for young people to go to? Have you ever been to places like these? Have you ever gone to parties with your friends? Do you thing it is OK for alcohol to be available at places where young people meet?

27. ( )AIDS ( )drugs ( )noise ( )smoking ( )alcohol ( )strangers ( )money ( ) dancing ( )rice ( )orange juice Tina wants Sara to go to a disco with her, but Sara is nervous about going. Read the list below before listening and guess which things Sara is nervous about. Then listen and tick Sara's concerns.

28. Listen again and complete Tina's sentences. 1. Just say “no”. You _____________________ ______________________________________ 2. It’s OK to _________________________ _________________________ 3. It would be a good idea to _______________ __________________________________________________ don’t have to do anything you don’t want to. to drink orange juice or something instead. have something to eat before you go out, like rice or noodles.

29. 4. If someone offers you a cigarette, ___________ 5. Well, I’ll __________. Let’s _________ _________________________________ don’t take it. teach you get my CD player and start practising now.

30. The ways to ask for permission Is it OK if / to …? Is it all right to …? Would you mind if …? I wonder if I can … Do you mind if …?

31. The ways to give warning Positive It would be a good idea to … Be sure to … Be careful to … Watch out for … Negative Don’t forget to … It is not a good idea to … Why not … rather than …?

32. The ways to express prohibition Don’t … You can’t … You may not … You shouldn’t … You mustn’t … You are not to …

33. Writing

34. Read the letter on Page 24 and suggest some advice for Li Xiaolei. Imagine you are an adviser who deals with students’ problems. Write a letter to give Xiaolei some helpful advice.

35. ？ be determined make a plan Suggestions on quitting smoking develop good habits relax break the habit

36. The structure of an English letter Heading Inside address Greeting Body Ending Signature

37. No.6 Middle School 179 Xinggangxi Road Guangzhou, Guangdong P.R.China, 510300 December 2, 2009 Li Xiaolei 203 Thames Street Oxford, OX41LF Letter writing (寄信人地址和写信日期，写在信封右上角，地址由小到大)。

38. 信内地址： 收信人的姓名、地址写在左上方，位置比信头低一至两行。私人信件一般不写信内地址。

39. 称呼用词可用： Dear Wang, Dear Professor Wang, Dear Mr. Smith, Dear Ms Green … 在对外公函中，可用Dear Sir, Dear Sirs.

40. 书信的正文和写文章一样，要分段写，每一段有一个中心思想。开头常用的表达有：书信的正文和写文章一样，要分段写，每一段有一个中心思想。开头常用的表达有： I have received your letter of July 20th. I’m writing to you about… How time flies! It’s three months since I saw you last. Thank you for your letter.

41. 信件结尾常用语有： Please remember me to your whole family. Give my best regards (wishes) to your mother. Best wishes. Looking forward to the pleasure of meeting you. Expecting to hear from you soon.

42. 结束语有多种，不同的通信关系选用不同的结束语结束语有多种，不同的通信关系选用不同的结束语 写给机关、团体、公司或不相识的人，一般可用： Yours sincerely, Yours truly, Yours faithfully 写给熟人、亲人或朋友，可用： Yours, Yours ever, Your loving son/daughter, Yours sincerely/cordially

43. Sample letter Dear Xiaolei, I’m sorry you have found yourself in such a difficult situation. First, there is no need for you to feel embarrassed and awkward. She may think that she is behaving in a grownup way but you are the one with sense on your side. Here is some advice that I think you might give her.

44. Smoking cigarettes is addictive and • expensive. • 2. It can make you ill later in life. Even breathing in other people’s smoke can make you ill. • 3. It is a dirty habit. • 4. It is more difficult to stop than it is to start. • Second, talk to your friend gently and • explain that you are still good friends and • don’t want to break this friendship. However,

45. You will not begin smoking to suit her. Give her the information above and then explain that whatever she chooses to do, you will remain her friend. Don’t be disappointed, Xiaolei. Good luck and best wishes, Keke

46. Homework Finish your letter and check it with your classmates. Preview reading passage on page 60.