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• Dielectric optics (guiding, confining, manipulating light) Slab waveguides

6.772/SMA5111 - Compound Semiconductors. Lecture 16 - Dielectric Waveguides/Photonic Crystals - Outline. • Dielectric optics (guiding, confining, manipulating light) Slab waveguides Cylindrical waveguides (wires for light) Rectangular waveguides

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• Dielectric optics (guiding, confining, manipulating light) Slab waveguides

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  1. 6.772/SMA5111 - Compound Semiconductors Lecture 16 - Dielectric Waveguides/Photonic Crystals - Outline • Dielectric optics(guiding, confining, manipulating light) Slab waveguides Cylindrical waveguides (wires for light) Rectangular waveguides Coupled rectangular waveguide structures Couplers, Filters, Switches • Photonic crystals History: Optical bandgaps and Eli Yablonovich, to the present One-dimensional photonic crystals Distributed Bragg reflectors periodic grating of length L grating with phase shift at L/2; at L/2 ± fL/2 Photonic fibers; perfect mirrors Two-dimensional photonic crystals Guided wave optics structures Defect levels Three-dimensional photonic crystals C. G. Fonstad, 4/03 Lecture 16 - Slide 1

  2. Cylindrical dielectric waveguides • Glass and plastic fibers Some important characteristics of glass fibers (Images deleted) See Figures 5-12 and 5-14 in Palais, Joseph C. Fiber Optic Communications. 4th ed. Upper Saddle River, N.J. : Prentice Hall, 1998. Apparatus for pulling a glass fiber from a preform Loss specturm of a plastic fiber –> C. G. Fonstad, 4/03 Lecture 16 - Slide 2

  3. Slab dielectric waveguides • Mode patterns and charts for symmetric and asymmetric slabs (Images deleted) See Figures 4-5, 4-7, 4-8, and 4-9 in Palais, Joseph C. Fiber Optic Communications. 4th ed. Upper Saddle River, N.J. : Prentice Hall, 1998. C. G. Fonstad, 4/03 Lecture 16 - Slide 3

  4. Achieving compact rectangular waveguide layouts • Bends • Calculated • transmisson: • 30% • b. 60% • c. 98.5% • d. 98% (Image deleted) See C. Manolatou, S.G. Johnson, S. Fan, P.R. Villeneuve, H.A. Haus, and J.D. Joanopolous, "High-Density Integrated Optics," IEEE J. Lightwave Technology, 17 (1999) 1682-1692. C. G. Fonstad, 4/03 Lecture 16 - Slide 4

  5. Achieving compact rectangular waveguide layouts • Splitting Tees Calculated transmisson: a. 30% (15 %/side) b. 99% (> 49%/side) (Image deleted) See C. Manolatou, S.G. Johnson, S. Fan, P.R. Villeneuve, H.A. Haus, and J.D. Joanopolous, "High-Density Integrated Optics," IEEE J. Lightwave Technology, 17 (1999) 1682-1692. C. G. Fonstad, 4/03 Lecture 16 - Slide 5

  6. Planar waveguide integrated optics components • Resonant ring couplers and channel dropping filters Now Then (Image deleted) See B.E. Little et al, "Vertically Coupled Glass Microring Resonator Channel Dropping Filters," IEEE Photonics Tech. Lett. 11 (1999) 215. (Images deleted) See Figs. 1 and 12 in E.A.J. Marcatili, "Bends in Optical Dielectric Guides," Bell Syst. Tech. J. 48 (1969) 2103-2132. (Image deleted) See S.T. Chu et al, "An Eight-Channel Add-Drop Filter Using Vertically Coupled Microring Resonators over a Cross Grid," IEEE Photonics Tech. Lett. 11 (1999) 691. C. G. Fonstad, 4/03 Lecture 8 - Slide 6

  7. Photonic crystals - Yablonvich's original proposals • 3-dimensional structures with optical bandgaps:solids that totally reflect light in band of energy C. G. Fonstad, 4/03 Lecture 16 - Slide 7

  8. Photonic crystals - Axel Scherer • Rectangular dielectric waveguide structures: example of making bends using phtonic bandgap concepts Right: structure and fabrication sequence Below: performance (Images deleted) See Fig. 4 and Table II in Cheng, C. C., and A. Scherer. "Lithographic Band Gap Tuning in Photonic Bandgap Crystals." J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B 14 (1996): 4110-4114. C. G. Fonstad, 4/03 Lecture 16 - Slide 8

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