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ENZYMES

ENZYMES. Enzymes. Special proteins Increase the speed of biochemical reactions (catalysts) Lower the activation energy of chemical reactions Usually end in “ ase ” Named after the substrate they act upon Critical to life. How Enzymes Work.

solomon-chapman
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ENZYMES

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  1. ENZYMES

  2. Enzymes • Special proteins • Increase the speed of biochemical reactions (catalysts) • Lower the activation energy of chemical reactions • Usually end in “ase” • Named after the substrate they act upon • Critical to life

  3. How Enzymes Work • Active site: region where the reaction takes place • specific shape • Substrates: reactants • specific shape • bind to active site

  4. How Enzymes Work • Substrates bind to enzyme’s active site. - lock and key or puzzle piece fit

  5. How Enzymes Work 2. Enzyme substrate complex - chemical reaction occurs Enzyme-Substrate Complex

  6. How Enzymes Work 3. New products are released - enzyme can be used again

  7. Types of Reactions • Decomposition: when a large molecule is broken down into smaller molecules • Ex: 2H2O2 2H2O + O2 • Enzyme = catalase • Synthesis: when 2 or more small molecules are combined to form a larger molecule • Ex: RNA Polymerase combines nucleotides to form RNA

  8. How Enzymes Work http://highered.mcgraw-hill.com/sites/0072495855/student_view0/chapter2/animation__how_enzymes_work.html

  9. Conditions • Most enzymes need a certain temperature and pH range • If enzymes are exposed to conditions outside their designated temperature and pH range, they could denature (unfold and become non-functional) http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SUCgAxI8rhg

  10. Quiz Substrates/Reactants Active Site Enzyme Product Enzyme-Substrate Complex

  11. Quiz (cont.) Decomposition or Synthesis Reaction? SYNTHESIS Decomposition or Synthesis Reaction? DECOMPOSITION

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