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Research Methods in Community Health

Research Methods in Community Health. Session 1 Washington, D.C. Today. Syllabus Today’s Neighborhood Visits assignment Intro to Community Assessments Minkler’s article Break-out groups for 2 case studies. Walks: Steps in Observing. Take with you:

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Research Methods in Community Health

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  1. Research Methods in Community Health Session 1 Washington, D.C.

  2. Today • Syllabus • Today’s Neighborhood Visits assignment • Intro to Community Assessments • Minkler’s article • Break-out groups for 2 case studies

  3. Walks: Steps in Observing Take with you: • Small notebook & pen; Discrete camera: optional; Discrete audiorecorder: optional Step 1: • Open slate mind (30 minutes alone) Step 2: • Sensory experiencing • Sounds • Sights • Smells • Feelings • Step 3: • Deliberate attention • Participant observation • Counts

  4. Community assessments = the first core function of public health.

  5. Considerations for COMMUNITY assessments In assessing communities, consider: • What we can learn from the community • What’s acceptable to the community • Capacity • Congruence of values • Start with ideas--problem-solving approaches-- originating within the community

  6. (consider…Cont’D) 6. Community resilience factors 7. Structural factors 8. Sources of environmental and psychosocial stress

  7. Question Resilience factors in your community?

  8. Question Structural factors in your community?

  9. Question • Sources of environmental or psychosocial stress in your community?

  10. Time and Community Assessments • Get to know community over long period of time. • As a person before as a researcher. • Broad assessments • Extensive time in field with no agenda.

  11. Two Conceptualizations of a Community • Sectors, Structures & Capital • Aggregate of Individuals

  12. Community PROFILE & CASE STUDY A community profile describes a community in terms of its history, sectors, culture and demographics. A community case study assesses a community within a particular context.

  13. Quantitative & Qualitative assessment procedures • QUALITATIVE: • Understand • Explore • Inductive • Researcher = participant • QUANTITATIVE: • Confirm • Describe • Deductive • Researcher = objective observer

  14. Procedures we will use • Opinion leader interviews • Other expert interviews • Oral histories • Participant observation • Community Mapping • Block walking • GIS • Content analysis ---------------------- • Focus groups • Questionnaire surveys with fixed-end items • Community Mapping • Block walking • GIS • Content analysis

  15. Minkler’s article • CBPR • Not a research method • Orientation toward research reflecting social justice • Emphasis on partnerships with community groups

  16. Criteria for CBPR • Community = unit of identity • Builds on community strengths • Fosters empowerment • Co-learning • Equitable participation • Develops systems • Develops local capacity

  17. Minkler Using CBPR to achieve policy changes 2 case studies: WE ACT, Harlem, diesel bus pollution Bayview partnership, food insecurity

  18. Break-out groups • Discuss WE ACT & Bayview experiences • Consider a public health issue in each of your respective communities • Given the resilience factors, structural factors and sources of psychosocial and environmental stress within the community, • What kind of CBRP might emerge?

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